真菌发酵液浸种燕麦对其抗旱性及根际真菌群落结构的影响  

Effects of seed soaking of Avena sativa in fungal fermentation broth on rhizosphere fungal community structure and drought resistance of oats

作　　者：王宝 谢占玲 郭璟 唐永鹏 孟清 彭清青 杨家宝 董德誉 徐鸿雁 高太侦 张凡 段迎珠 WANG Bao;XIE Zhan-ling;GUO Jing;TANG Yong-peng;MENG Qing;PENG Qing-qing;YANG Jia-bao;DONG De-yu;XU Hong-yan;GAO Tai-zhen;ZHANG Fan;DUAN Ying-zhu(College of Eco-Environmental Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;National Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Innovation and Utilization of Plateau Crop Germplasm,Qinghai Province,Xining 810016,China;Tianjun County Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Haixi 817299,China;Tianjun County State Owned Forest Farm,Haixi 817299,China;Tianjun County Forestry and Grassland Station,Haixi 817299,China;Qinghai Grassland Improvement Experimental Station,Xining 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学生态环境工程学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海省高原作物种质资源创新与利用重点试验室,青海西宁810016 [3]天峻县林业和草原局,青海海西817299 [4]天峻县国有林场,青海海西817299 [5]天峻县林业和草原站,青海海西817299 [6]青海省草原改良试验站,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《草业学报》2024年第9期126-139,共14页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：青海省科技厅社发处项目(2024-SF-130)资助。

摘　　要：本研究以分离自青藏高原植物内生真菌(3株青霉和1株木霉)浸种燕麦,以未接种培养基为无菌株对照(CK),探究轻度、中度和重度干旱胁迫下其对燕麦生长、生理及根系内生真菌群落结构的影响。浸种后的种子置于培养皿中发芽,在正常条件下生长30 d后,在不同渗透胁迫处理下生长10 d,添加50 mL的聚乙二醇溶液模拟不同梯度干旱胁迫:5%、10%、15%(轻度胁迫);20%、25%(中度胁迫);30%、35%(重度胁迫),以无菌水作为未胁迫对照(0%)。结果表明,随着胁迫的加剧,燕麦幼苗的株高、鲜重、干重和叶绿素含量普遍下降,而过氧化物酶活性和丙二醛、脯氨酸含量随着内生真菌处理的不同而变化很大。真菌浸种燕麦,盆栽40 d根系Illumina Miseq结果共获得192944条有效序列,包括1140个OTU,隶属于9门-15纲-34目-56科-148属;与对照相比,浸种改变了燕麦根系内生真菌群落结构;真菌浸种提高了担子菌门红菇科的相对丰度,优势属为乳菇属,而对照的优势属为链格孢属。主成分分析将浸种所用的青霉属和木霉属菌株分为3类,分别为促生菌株、增强抗逆性菌株和增加微生物多样性的菌株;白木霉增加了根系内生真菌多样性,而青霉属、鹅掌青霉促进燕麦生长及抗逆性。本研究揭示了青藏高原内生真菌浸种通过促进燕麦生长,降低干旱造成的氧化损伤及改变根系内生真菌群落结构,增强了燕麦对干旱胁迫的响应能力。In this study,seeds of oat(Avena sativa)were soaked in a broth without fungi(CK)or in the borth of a culture of one of four plant endophytic fungi(three Penicillium and one Trichoderma species)isolated from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.Then,the growth,physiology,and root endophytic fungal community structure of the oat under osmotic stress were evaluated.After seed-soaking treatments,seeds were germinated in Petri dishes,grown in pots under normal conditions for 30 days,and then grown under different osmotic stress treatments for a further 10 days.The plants were subjected to osmotic stress treatments,which were established by adding 50 mL of a solution containing polyethylene glycol at concentrations(V/V)of 5%,10%and 15%(mild stress);20%and 25%(moderate stress);30%and 35%(severe stress).Sterile water was added to the unstressed control(0%polyethylene glycol).The plant height,fresh weight,dry weight and chlorophyll contents of the oat seedlings generally decreased with increasing severity of drought stress,and peroxidase activity and the contents of malondialdehyde and proline varied widely depending on which endophytic fungus had been used for seed soaking.Illumina Miseq data were obtained from the 40-day-old plants grown from fungal broth-soaked seeds.In total,192944 valid sequences obtained,corresponding to 1140 operational taxonomic units belonging to 9 phyla,15 classes,34 orders,56 families,and 148 genera.Compared with the CK group,seed-soaking changed the community structure of endophytic fungi in the oat roots.Soaking seeds in fungal broth increased the relative abundance of Russulaceae(Basidiomycota).The dominant genus was Lactarius,whereas the dominant genus in the CK was Alternaria.Principal component analysis divided Penicillium and Trichoderma strains used for seed-soaking into three categories:growth-promoting strains,stress-enhancing strains,and strains that increase microbial diversity.Trichodermaalni increased the diversity of endophytic fungi in roots,whereas Penicillium spp.and Penicilliumgoetzii

关 键 词：内生真菌浸种 燕麦 干旱胁迫 生理生化 真菌群落结构 

分 类 号：S544.9[农业科学—作物学] S154.3