机构地区：[1]贵州大学动物科学学院高原山地动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省农业科学院,贵州省草业研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [3]贵州省农业科学院,贵州省油料研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [4]大方县农业农村局,贵州毕节551600
出 处：《草业学报》2024年第9期214-226,共13页Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基 金：贵州省科技支撑计划(黔科合支撑[2020]1Y107号);中央引导地方科技发展基金(黔科中引地[2020]4012号);贵州省科技支撑计划(黔科合支撑[2020]1Y080);贵州省农科院高价值专利培育计划(黔农科院专利培计[2021]04)资助。
摘 要：试验旨在分析不同紫苏原料对贵州黑山羊淘汰母羊瘤胃发酵参数、血清抗氧化酶活性、瘤胃微生物区系的影响,为开发紫苏及其副产物作为饲料资源在黑山羊淘汰母羊育肥中的应用提供技术支撑。选取32只年龄、体况相近的贵州黑山羊,随机分为1个对照组和3个处理组,饲喂不同全混合日粮颗粒饲料,分别为对照组(CK组)、紫苏秸秆组(S_(1)组)、紫苏饼粕组(S_(2)组)及紫苏种子组(S_(3)组),预试期14 d,试验期60 d,每30 d测定一次体重,试验结束后采集血液、瘤胃液,用于测定血清抗氧化酶活性、瘤胃发酵参数以及瘤胃微生物区系。结果显示:添加不同紫苏组分处理都能显著增加淘汰母羊育肥前期(0~30 d)日增重(P<0.05),其中S_(3)组增重最大,其次为S_(2)和S_(1)组;而育肥后期各组日增重差异不显著(P>0.05)。其次,S_(1)和S_(3)组均能显著提高血清样品超氧化物歧化酶活性(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05),而过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)含量在各组间表现各不相同(P>0.05)。添加紫苏组分的试验组均能显著降低乙酸含量(P<0.05),丙酸、丁酸、异丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸和总挥发性脂肪酸含量在S_(2)、S_(3)和CK组中差异不显著(P>0.05),而在S_(1)组中相应有机酸含量均显著低于CK组(P<0.05)。氨态氮的含量在各组别间差异不显著(P>0.05)。通过高通量测序分析瘤胃微生物区系发现,不同处理对瘤胃微生物种类没有显著影响,而反应相同微生物物种丰度的Chao1指数和ACE指数在S_(1)与S_(3)间表现不相同,其中Chao1指数差异显著(P=0.047),而ACE指数差异不显著(P=0.062)。OTU检出S_(1)组>S_(2)组>CK组>S_(3)组,从门水平分析各试验组优势菌群丰度,各试验组优势菌群主要为厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和变形菌门微生物,其中S_(2)和S_(3)组中厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门丰度总和略高于CK组,S_(1)、S_(2)和S_(3)组中变形菌门的丰度均低于CK�The objective of this experiment was to analyze the effects of different perilla(Perilla frutescens)materials on rumen fermentation parameters,serum biochemical parameters and rumen bacteria flora of Guizhou black goat(Capra hircus)cull ewes,in order to provide technical support for developing perilla and its by-products into feed materials for use in the fattening of cull ewes.Guizhou black goats(n=32)with similar age and body condition were randomly divided into one control group and three treatment groups,which were fed with different total mixed ration pelleted feeds.The four groups comprised a control group(CK group),a perilla straw group(S_(1) group),a perilla meal group(S_(2) group)and a perilla seed group(S_(3) group).The experiment lasted for 74 days,including a 14-day adjustment period and a 60-day experimental period.Body weight was measured every 30 days.At the end of the experiment,blood and rumen fluid were collected for determination of serum antioxidant enzyme activity,rumen fermentation parameters and rumen microflora composition.The results showed that adding different perilla materials could significantly increase the daily gain of cull ewes in the early fattening period(0-30 days,P<0.05),with S_(3) group having the highest weight gain,followed by S_(2) and S_(1) groups;while there was no significant difference in daily gain among all groups in the late fattening period(30-60 days,P>0.05).Secondly,the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and the concentration of malondialdehyde in serum were significantly increased in S_(1) and S_(3) groups(P<0.05),while the activities of catalase and the concentration of total antioxidant capacity were varied between groups(P>0.05).The contents of acetic acid were significantly reduced in all treatment groups(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference(P>0.05)between S_(2) or S_(3) and CK in the levels of propionic acid,butyric acid,isobutyric acid,valeric acid and isovaleric acid.However,the fatty acid content in the S_(1) group w
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