论海洋自然保护地分类分区管控的中国方案  

On the China′s Plan for the Classification and Zoning Control of Marine Protected Areas

作　　者：梅宏[1,2] Mei Hong(Law School,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Institute of Marine Development,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学法学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋发展研究院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期40-53,共14页Journal of Ocean University of China(Social Sciences)

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划研究项目“黄河三角洲生态保护和高质量发展的蓝碳行动路径及其法治建设研究”(23CFZJ28)。

摘　　要：海洋自然保护地分类分区管控既有空间规划的自然科学依据,又有区域治理的社会科学依据,且与精细化建设之间具有手段与目的的关系。分类施策、分区治理,精细化建设,是我国海洋自然保护地分类分区管控的改革方向。海洋自然保护地分类分区管控以新型海洋自然保护区制度、海洋公园制度接替海洋特别保护区制度,与国土空间规划制度、生态保护红线制度等衔接,并将生态功能保护区作为我国新时代自然保护地体系中的类型之一。分类分区管控基于陆海统筹战略提出分区差异化管控、精细化建设的中国方案,并通过完善立法保障其实现。The classification and zoning control of marine protected areas not only has the natural science basis of spatial planning,but also has the social science basis of regional governance.There is a close relationship between the classification and zoning control of marine protected areas and refined construction,just like that between means and purpose.Classified policy,zoning management and refined construction are the reform purpose of classified and zoning management and control of marine protected areas in China.The new marine nature reserve system and the marine park system have replaced the marine special reserve system.Besides,marine protected areas are also connected with the territorial spatial planning system and the ecological protection red line system.The ecological functional reserve has been regarded as one of the types of China′s nature reserve system in the new era.Based on the strategy of land and sea coordination,a Chinese plan for differentiated management and control,and refined construction is proposed,and its realization should be guaranteed by improved legislation.

关 键 词：海洋自然保护地 分类分区管控 国土空间规划 生态功能保护区 中国方案 

分 类 号：X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P74[天文地球—海洋科学]