黄河上游玛曲段高寒草地沙化现状、成因及防治对策  

Current Status,Causes and Control Measures of Alpine Grassland Desertification in the Maqu Section of Yellow River

作　　者：冯筱 屈建军 李倩茹 Feng Xiao;Qu Jianjun;Li Qianru(College of Geography and Environment,Xianyang Normal University,Xianyang 712000,Shaanxi,China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi'an 710100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]咸阳师范学院地理与环境学院,陕西咸阳712000 [2]西北大学城市与环境学院,西安710100

出　　处：《林草政策研究》2024年第1期1-7,共7页Journal of forestry and grassland policy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“冻融作用对黄河上游玛曲段沙质土壤风蚀的影响及其机理研究”(42201080);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目“沙漠化逆转过程中植被碳源/汇的时空变化研究”(2022JQ-176)。

摘　　要：黄河上游玛曲段是黄河重要的水源涵养区和水源补给区,在维护黄河流域生态安全方面具有不可替代的作用。近几十年来,玛曲县草地沙化问题已相当突出,直接影响到了黄河源区的生态安全、牧区经济及社会的可持续发展。文中综合分析玛曲县草地沙化现状、成因,在此基础上提出了玛曲县草地沙化防治的几点对策和建议:1)将草原生态保护纳入法制化管理体系,完善草原生态补偿机制;2)在牧区草原严格执行以草定畜、草畜平衡制度,实行划区轮牧制度;3)加强不同沙化程度草地的综合治理;4)强化对草原的保护力度,加强草原鼠(兔)害的综合治理。The Maqu section at the upper reach of the Yellow River is an important area for water conservancy and replenishment,playing an irreplaceable role in maintaining the ecological security of the Yellow River Basin.In recent decades,grassland desertification in Maqu County has remained a serious issue,directly affecting the ecological security of the source area of the Yellow River as well as the sustainable economic and social development in the pastoral region.This paper comprehensively analyzes the current status and causes of grassland desertification in Maqu County,and proposes the countermeasures and suggestions for its prevention and control,including:1)Integrating the grassland ecosystem protection into the legislative and administrative framework to improve the ecological compensation of grassland;2)Strictly implementing the requirements on the stock quotas based on grassland availability and the grassland-livestock balance in the pastoral region and adopting the system of zoned grazing rotation;3)Strengthening the integrated control of pastures with different degrees of desertification;and 4)Enhancing the protection of grassland by intensifying the integrated control of grassland rodent pests.

关 键 词：草地沙化 气候变化 人类活动 防治对策 黄河源 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]