毕节市秋绵雨时空特征分析  

Analysis on Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Autumn Continuous Rain in Bijie City

作　　者：衮毅 施倩雯 王志红 胡妍妍 聂祥 GUN Yi;SHI Qianwen;WANG Zhihong;HU Yanyan;NIE Xiang(Dafang Meteorological Station of Guizhou Province,Dafang 551600,China;Zhijin Meteorological Station of Guizhou Province,Zhijin 552100,China;Qixingguan Meteorological Station of Guizhou Province,Qixingguan 551799,China;Bijie Meteorological Office of Guizhou Province,Bijie 551700,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省大方县气象局,贵州大方551600 [2]贵州省织金县气象局,贵州织金552100 [3]贵州省七星关区气象局,贵州七星关551799 [4]贵州省毕节市气象局,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《山地气象学报》2024年第4期96-101,共6页Journal of Mountain Meteorology

基　　金：毕节市科学技术局市级科技计划(第二批)项目(毕科合[2023]72号):金沙高粱收割期秋绵雨气象指标研究。

摘　　要：【目的】研究毕节市秋绵雨特征,对该地区秋收秋种农事安排具有指导意义。【方法】利用毕节市8个国家气象观测站1960—2022年9—11月逐日降水、日照资料,采用线性趋势和小波分析法,统计分析毕节市无日照条件下秋绵雨时空变化特征。【结果】1960—2022年,毕节市秋季降水量与日照时数均呈现下降趋势,无日照条件下降水量在时间上存在5 a、9 a、17 a、30 a的周期变化特征,主周期为17 a;毕节市东部受秋绵雨的影响较大,西部相对较小,总体上秋绵雨出现的频次在时间序列上呈波动下降趋势,有利于农业生产,且该地区秋绵雨集中出现在10月,9月中旬前完成秋收晾晒工作能有效避免秋绵雨的影响。【结论】近63 a,轻、中、重、特重等级秋绵雨发生的频次占比分别为44.1%、34.2%、18.5%、3.2%,且轻级秋绵雨存在6 a、20 a和32 a的变化周期,中级秋绵雨存在5 a、8 a、17 a和28 a的变化周期,重级秋绵雨存在7 a、18 a、35 a的变化周期,特重级秋绵雨存在13 a、21 a、41 a的变化周期,不同等级秋绵雨空间分布上整体呈东多西少分布。This study aims to investigate the characteristics of autumn continuous rain in Bijie City,which is of guiding significance for the agricultural arrangements of autumn harvest and sowing in the region.Utilizing daily precipitation and sunshine data collected from eight national meteorological stations in Bijie City from September to November in 1960—2022,we statistically analyze the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of autumn continuous rain under no-sunshine conditions in Bijie City by the linear trend and wavelet analysis methods.The results indicate that from 1960 to 2022,both the autumn precipitation and sunshine hours in Bijie City show a decreasing trend.The precipitation under no-sunshine conditions exhibit periodic changes over time with cycles of 5,9,17,and 30 years,with the primary cycle being 17 years.The eastern part of Bijie City is more affected by autumn continuous rain compared to the western part,with the overall frequency of autumn continuous rain showing a fluctuating downward trend in the time series.This is beneficial for agricultural production.Furthermore,the occurrence of autumn continuous rain is concentrated in October,so completing the autumn harvest and drying work before mid-September can effectively avoid the impact of autumn continuous rain.Over the past 63 years,the frequencies of light,moderate,heavy,and extremely heavy autumn continuous rains are 44.1%,34.2%,18.5%,and 3.2%,respectively,of which light autumn continuous rain exhibits change cycles of 6,20,and 32 years,moderate autumn continuous rain shows cycles of 5,8,17,and 28 years,heavy autumn continuous rain has cycles of 7,18,and 35 years,and extremely heavy autumn continuous rain displays cycles of 13,21,and 41 years.The spatial distribution of different levels of autumn continuous rain generally shows a pattern of more in the east and less in the west.

关 键 词：秋绵雨 时空特征 线性趋势 小波分析法 

分 类 号：P426.613[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]