天然裂缝产状对水力压裂施工压力的影响  

Influence of Natural Fracture Occurrence on Hydraulic Fracturing Construction Pressure

作　　者：范立华[1] 杨玉才 张海龙[1] 陈延祯 雷雲 FAN Lihua;YANG Yucai;ZHANG Hailong;CHEN Yanzhen;LEI Yun(Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.Downhole Operation Branch,Daqing 163000,Heilongjiang,China;Geological Process Research Centre,Chongqing Branch,Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 402660,China;College of Energy,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]大庆油田有限责任公司井下作业分公司,黑龙江大庆163000 [2]大庆油田有限责任公司重庆分公司地质工艺研究中心,重庆402660 [3]成都理工大学能源学院,成都610059

出　　处：《科技和产业》2024年第17期323-328,共6页Science Technology and Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U20A20265)。

摘　　要：天然裂缝产状是影响裂缝壁面法向应力及切向应力的重要参数,而天然裂缝应力状态是决定地面施工压力大小的重要因素,准确计算、预测施工压力大小对水力压裂设计与施工有着重要的作用。根据天然裂缝产状和地层地应力状态,基于裂缝起裂与延伸准则,建立地面施工压力计算模型,并利用实际裂缝型储层进行计算分析。研究发现:正断层与走滑断层中,倾角越小施工压力越小,正断层中方位角越趋近于0°、180°、360°时施工压力越小;走滑断层中方位角越趋近于90°、270°时施工压力越小。逆断层中,当方位角为0°~45°、135°~225°、315°~360°时,倾角越大施工压力越大,当方位角为45°~135°、225°~315°时,倾角越大施工压力越小;同一倾角下,方位角在0°~90°、180°~270°范围内时,施工压力随方位角增大而减小,方位角在90°~180°、270°~360°范围内时,施工压力随方位角增大而增大。根据天然裂缝产状准确计算施工压力大小,可为现场压裂施工参数选择与优化提供理论依据。The occurrence of natural fractures is an important parameter affecting the normal stress and tangential stress of the fracture wall,and the stress state of natural fractures is an important factor determining the magnitude of the ground construction pressure.Accurate calculation and prediction of the construction pressure plays an important role in hydraulic fracturing design and construction.According to the natural fracture occurrence and formation stress state,based on the criterion for fracture initiation and extension,a calculation model of the ground construction pressure is established.Using the actual fractured reservoir for calculation and analysis,it is found that:in normal fault and strike-slip fault,the smaller the dip angle is,the smaller the construction pressure is,and the smaller the construction pressure is when the azimuth angle is closer to 0°,180°,360°in normal fault,and the smaller the construction pressure is when the azimuth angle is closer to 90°,270°in strike-slip fault.In the reverse fault,when the azimuth angle is 0°~45°,135°~225°,315°~360°,the larger the inclination angle,the larger the construction pressure,when the azimuth angle is 45°~135°,225°~315°,the larger the inclination angle,the smaller the construction pressure,under the same inclination angle,when the azimuth angle is in the range of 0°~90°,180°~270°,the construction pressure is reduced with the increase of azimuth angle.For the same inclination angle,when the azimuth angle is within the range of 90°~180°and 270°~360°,the construction pressure increases with the increase of azimuth angle.Accurate calculation of the construction pressure according to the occurrence of natural fractures can provide a theoretical basis for the selection and optimization of field fracturing parameters.

关 键 词：产状 正应力 剪应力 破裂压力 施工压力 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]