完全非稠合结构有机光伏受体材料  

Completely nonfused electron acceptors for organic photovoltaic cells

作　　者：杨霓 崔勇[1] 侯剑辉[1,2] Ni Yang;Yong Cui;Jianhui Hou(Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院化学研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京101408

出　　处：《科学通报》2024年第23期3425-3442,共18页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52120105005,22322904);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2023036)资助。

摘　　要：得益于刚性稠合非富勒烯受体的发展,有机光伏(organic photovoltaic, OPV)电池的能量转换效率(power conversion efficiency, PCE)已经超过了20%.然而,大多数稠合受体的合成过程复杂,导致OPV电池制备成本高昂,严重限制了OPV技术的产业化发展.因此,开发低成本的非稠合受体成为OPV领域的一个重要课题.最近,电子给体单元完全由单芳香环通过C-C单键连接的全非稠合受体的研究取得了巨大进展,相应电池的PCE已经达到了17%,有希望达到与采用刚性稠合非富勒烯受体制备的OPV电池相当的效率.本综述从材料设计的角度出发,通过给体单元芳香环的数量进行分类,对目前报道的全非稠合受体材料的研究进展进行了总结.最后从效率、成本和稳定性方面对材料的发展和挑战进行了评论.Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells have attracted considerable attention as a renewable energy technology, owing to theiroutstanding advantages of flexibility, light weight, and ease of manufacturing large-area panels through low-cost solutioncoating processes. With the rapid development of photovoltaic materials, especially the innovation of fused non-fullereneacceptors with an acceptor-donor-acceptor structure, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of single-junction OPV cellshas successfully exceeded 20%. The fused central unit can maintain the planarity and rigidity of the conjugated backbone,which in turn enhances intramolecular π-electron delocalization and intermolecular π–π stacking. However, the synthesisroutes of the fused conjugated backbones are often long and tedious, leading to high preparation costs for OPV cells;thishas severely impeded the industrialization of OPV technology. Therefore, the development of low-cost nonfused acceptorshas become an important topic within the OPV field. In the recent past, research on completely non-fused acceptors hasmade considerable progress.In terms of chemical structure, these nonfused acceptors are composed of a central donor unit, two terminal groups, andnon-conjugated side chains. The donor unit chiefly consists of aromatic rings, such as benzene and thiophene, which areconnected by C–C single bonds. In addition, selenophene, thiazole, and pyrrole are introduced as building units into theconjugated skeleton. The majority of terminal units are 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-1-yl) acetonitrile (IC) or halogensubstitutedIC terminal groups. In this review, first, we classify and summarize the reported completely nonfused acceptorsaccording to the number of aromatic rings in the donor units. Most of the reported acceptors are based on three and fouraromatic ring structures, and some acceptors are based on two and five aromatic ring structures. Second, we aim to providevaluable reference and guidance for the design of high-performance nonfused acceptors by foc

关 键 词：有机光伏电池 全非稠合受体 分子设计 能量转换效率 非共价相互作用 空间位阻 

分 类 号：TM914.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]