技术进步偏向视角下中国粮食产能提升的新路径——以五大粮食净调出省为例  

A new path for China's grain production capacity improvement from the perspective of technological progress bias——A case study of the five major provinces with net grain transfer

作　　者：孙中叶[1,2] 杨传宇 SUN Zhongye;YANG Chuanyu(School of Economics and Trade,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Research Center of Grain Economics,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学经济贸易学院,郑州450001 [2]河南工业大学粮食经济研究中心,郑州450001

出　　处：《科技导报》2024年第16期40-46,共7页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BJL001)。

摘　　要：基于粮食产能提升的理论逻辑,明确了中国未来粮食增产中技术进步的关键性作用和制约要素。通过非参数数据包络分析(DEA)方法分解全要素生产率测算技术进步偏向,验证了粮食生产技术进步非中性,发现各地区偏向型技术进步对粮食增产的作用日趋明显。为此,应提升地区要素禀赋与技术进步适配度,全面激发粮食增产潜力。同时,坚持以科技创新为导向,全面贯彻落实“藏粮于技”战略,强化农业科技创新能力,加大生物育种和农机装备创新研发投入,以关键技术为突破口,全面激发粮食产能提升的内生动力。In the complex and turbulent international situation,the Chinese government attaches great importance to food security,steadily grasps grain production and supply,and continues to improve grain production capacity.Based on the theoretical logic of grain production capacity improvement,this paper clarifies the key role of technological progress in the future grain yield increase,and finds that China's grain production capacity improvement is limited by resources and environment.The non-parametric DEA method is adopted to decompose the total factor productivity(TFP)and to measure and calculate the technological progress bias which verifies the non-neutral technological progress of grain production and increasingly more obvious effect of biased technological progress in grain production in various regions.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the adaptability of regional factor endowments to technological progress to fully release the potential of grain production.At the same time,adhering to the guidance of scientific and technological innovation and implementing the strategy of“innovative application of agricultural technology to increase farmland productivity”across the board,the ability of agricultural science and technology innovation will be strengthened.In addition,with increased investment in biological breeding as well as in research and development of agricultural machinery and equipment,breakthroughs will be achieved in key technologies to fully stimulate the endogenous dynamics of biased technological progress in improving grain production capacity.

关 键 词：技术进步偏向 产能提升 粮食安全 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济]