不同方式急性运动对超重个体抑制功能的影响——基于行为和事件相关电位的研究  

Effects of different modalities of acute exercise on inhibitory function in overweight individuals——a behavioral and event-related potential-based study

作　　者：孙波 任杰 Sun Bo;Ren Jie(School of Athletic Performance,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Chinese Table Tennis College,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育大学竞技运动学院,上海200438 [2]上海体育大学中国乒乓球学院,上海200438

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2024年第7期537-545,共9页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

摘　　要：目的:探讨急性高强度间歇运动(high-intensity interval exercise,HIIE)和急性持续中等强度有氧运动(continuous moderate-intensity aerobic exercise,CMIAE)对超重个体冲突抑制功能的影响。方法:采取被试内设计,以超重个体(n=28)为研究对象,采用行为测量和事件相关电位(event-related potential,ERP)技术,记录超重个体完成认知任务(Flanker任务)时的大脑活动变化,比较急性HIIE和CMIAE对超重个体冲突抑制功能行为表现和大脑活动特征的影响。结果:1)与安静对照条件和急性HIIE相比,急性CMIAE条件下Flanker任务P3振幅显著提高(P<0.01),反应时与安静对照条件相比无显著差异(P>0.05);2)与安静对照条件和急性CMIAE相比,急性HIIE条件下Flanker任务反应时缩短(P<0.05),P3振幅与安静对照条件和急性CMIAE相比无显著差异(P>0.05);3)Flanker任务正确率运动条件主效应不显著(P>0.05)。结论:1)急性HIIE和急性CMIAE运动对超重个体冲突抑制具有促进作用,但行为和神经电生理表现有所不同,急性CMIAE可增强超重个体大脑唤醒水平,而急性HIIE可能通过加速认知刷新速率提升冲突抑制表现,推测两种运动对超重个体冲突抑制的调控可能存在不同机制;2)由于本研究中HIIE方案时长更短,因此推测急性HIIE对于超重个体冲突抑制的促进可能是一种更为省时有效的运动方式。ObjectiveTo explore the effects of acute high-intensity interval exercise(HIIE)and acute continuous moderate-intensity aerobic exercise(CMIAE)on conflict inhibition function in overweight individuals.MethodsA within-subject design was adopted to study overweight individuals(n=28).They were recorded changes in brain activity during a cognitive task(Flanker task)using behavioral measurements and event-related potential(ERP)techniques,and the effects of acute HIIE and CMIAE on the brain activity and conflict inhibition were compared.Results1)Flanker task P3 amplitude was significantly higher in the acute CMIAE condition compared to the quiet control condition and acute HIIE(P<0.01),with no significant difference in response time compared to the quiet control condition(P>0.05).2)Flanker task response time was significantly shorter in the acute HIIE condition compared to the quiet control condition and acute CMIAE(P<0.05),without significant difference in the P3 amplitude compared to the latter conditions(P>0.05).3)No significant was found in the main effect of motor condition on Flanker task correctness(P>0.05).ConclusionsAcute HIIE and acute CMIAE exercise promote conflict inhibition in overweight individuals with different behavioural and neurophysiological performance,as the former enhances the arousal level,while the latter accelerates the rate of cognitive refreshing,indicating different regulating mechanisms.Moreover,with longer duration of the HIIE protocol than the quiet control condition in this study,it is possible that acute HIIE may be a more time-saving and effective way of exercise to promote conflict inhibition in overweight individuals.

关 键 词：急性运动 超重 冲突抑制功能 ERP 

分 类 号：R589.2[医药卫生—内分泌] G804.2[医药卫生—内科学]