氯化铵浸取电石渣中钙离子的研究  

Study on Extraction of Calcium Ions from Calcium Carbide Slag by Ammonium Chloride Leaching

作　　者：陈宁[1] 郑凤 左周 Chen Ning;Zheng Feng;Zuo Zhou(Mianyang Teachers,College,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]绵阳师范学院,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《广东化工》2024年第15期7-9,共3页Guangdong Chemical Industry

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金项目(2022NSFSC0201)。

摘　　要：电石渣是工业生产乙炔气过程中电石水解后产生的废渣,主要成分是Ca(OH)_(2)。文章以氯化铵为浸取剂,提取电石渣中的钙离子,以达到提纯钙和资源化利用的目的。实验探究了不同用水量、氯化铵用量、反应温度及反应时间下Ca^(2+)浸取率,探讨了氯化铵浸取机理,同时对浸取液和滤渣的成分进行了详细分析。结果表明,当浸取温度25℃,浸取时间40min,电石渣∶氯化铵∶用水量=5∶6∶35时,电石渣中的Ca^(2+)浸取率最高,为76.58%。经氯化铵浸取,电石渣中的Mg、Al、Fe、C等杂质被去除,Ca^(2+)纯度达到98%,滤渣中的主要成分为炭黑、碳酸钙、水铝钙石、钙矾石。Calcium carbide slag is a waste residue generated after the hydrolysis of calcium carbide in the industrial production of acetylene gas,mainly composed of Ca(OH)_(2).In order to achieve the purpose of purifying calcium and resource utilization,the article uses ammonium chloride solution as a leaching agent to extract calcium ions from calcium carbide slag.The leaching rate of Ca^(2+)under different water usage,ammonium chloride dosage,reaction temperature and reaction time were investigated through experiments,and a detailed analysis of the leaching solution and filter residue compositions were conducted.The results shows that the Ca^(2+)leaching rate can be reach to the highest at 76.58%,when the reaction temperature is 25℃,reaction time is 40 min,and the ratio of carbide slag:Ammonium chloride:water consumption is 5:6:35.After leached with ammonium chloride,impurities such as Mg,Al,Fe and C in the carbide slag were removed,and the purity of Ca^(2+)reached to 98%.The main components of the filter slag are carbon powder,calcium carbonate,hydrocalumite and ettringite.

关 键 词：氯化铵 电石渣 浸取率 浸取液 滤渣 

分 类 号：TQ[化学工程]