煤制氢汽化炉内激冷水管断裂原因分析  

Analysis of the Causes of the Breakage of the Excitation Cooling Water Pipe in the Coal-to-Hydrogen Evaporation Furnace

作　　者：李松 段志宏[2] Li Song;Duan Zhihong(Sinopec Zhongke(Guangdong)refining and Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Zhanjiang 524076,China;Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology,Maoming 525000,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化中科(广东)炼化有限公司,广东湛江524076 [2]广东石油化工学院,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《广东化工》2024年第16期122-124,共3页Guangdong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：本文针对某石化企业煤制氢汽化炉激冷水管断裂问题进行了研究分析,通过化学成分、金相组织、微观形貌、能谱分析(EDS)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)等进行分析。结果表明,激冷水管在氯离子、氟离子的作用下发生点蚀,蚀坑成为应力集中点,而硫化亚铁(FeS)在空气中与水和O_(2)发生反应生成连多硫酸,从而使发生点蚀的304奥氏体不锈钢发生连多硫酸应力腐蚀开裂。为防止类似腐蚀断裂的再次发生,提出了材料和工艺优化建议,以有效降低炼化装置的安全生产风险,为煤制氢的长期安全运行提供有价值的信息。This study investigates the issue of fracture in the quench water tube of a coal hydrogenation gasifier in a petrochemical plant.The analysis was conducted by chemical composition,metallographic structure,microstructure,energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),and X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD).The results indicate that under the action of chloride ions and fluoride ions,pitting corrosion occurs in the quench water tube,and the pits become stress concentration points.In addition,iron sulfide(FeS)reacts with water and O_(2) in the air to form polythionic acid,which causes polythionic acid stress corrosion cracking in the 304 austenitic stainless steel where pitting occurs.To prevent the recurrence of similar corrosive cracking,material and process optimization recommendations are proposed to effectively reduce the safety production risks of the refining unit,providing valuable information for the long-term safe operation of coal hydrogenation.

关 键 词：煤制氢 激冷水系统 连多硫酸 应力腐蚀 失效分析 

分 类 号：TE62[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]