温度及有机负荷对高温高含固污泥厌氧消化启动期产甲烷特性影响研究  

Effect of Temperature and Organic Loading Rate on the Methanogenic Characteristics during Start-Up Stage of Thermophilic High Solid Sludge Anaerobic Digestion

作　　者：华飞虎 韩芸[1,2] 卓杨[1,2] 王松 刘奕 周梦雨 HUA Feihu;HAN Yun;ZHUO Yang;WANG Song;LIU Yi;ZHOU Mengyu(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi′an 710055,China;Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource,Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi′an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学,西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2024年第9期2020-2029,共10页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.52200175,52070153);陕西省重点研发计划项目(No.2023-YBSF-283)。

摘　　要：高含固热水解-高温厌氧消化工艺可有效提升城镇污水处理厂污泥厌氧消化负荷和能量利用率。当不同污泥厌氧消化工艺切换至高含固热水解-高温厌氧消化时,由于受到高氨氮、高温及高负荷的影响,易引发酸积累。为探讨不同工艺启动高温高含固率厌氧消化工艺的可行性,本研究使用稳定运行的中温常规含固率R1反应器[(35±1)℃,总固体(TS)含量为2%]、中温高含固率R2反应器[(35±1)℃,TS含量为10%]、高温常规含固率R3反应器[(55±1)℃,TS含量为2%]和中温高含固率R4反应器[(35±1)℃,TS含量为14%],并以高含固率(10%)热水解剩余污泥为基质开展高温高含固率厌氧消化反应器启动试验,分析启动过程中氢代谢速率、比产甲烷活性以及微生物群落结构变化,并探讨温度、含固率对产甲烷特性的影响。结果表明:由4种不同工况反应器启动高温高含固率反应器后,各组反应器的挥发性固体降解率为39.8%~41.6%,保持了较高的产甲烷性能。乙酸产甲烷活性相较于启动前下降了37.9%~73.4%,但氢利用速率从0.585~4.914 kPa/(g·h)增至6.76~18.25 kPa/(g·h)。氢营养型产甲烷菌Methanothermobacter和Methanoculleus成为高温高氨氮环境下的优势菌种,启动后其相对丰度提至57.84%~83.94%。高温常规含固率厌氧消化反应器在工况切换前初始氢利用速率达到4.914kPa/(g·h),表现出较高的稳定性。因此,由高温常规含固率反应器启动切换至高温高含固厌氧消化工艺是一种可行策略,关键是提升启动期的初始氢利用速率。The integration of high solid sludge thermal hydrolysis and thermophilic anaerobic digestion(HSTH-TAD)can effectively improve the anaerobic digestion load and energy utilization of sludge in urban sewage treatment plants.When different sludge anaerobic digestion processes are switched to high solid thermal hydrolysis-thermophilic anaerobic digestion,acid accumulation is easily to occur due to the effects of high ammonia nitrogen,high temperature and high organic loading rate.In order to explore the feasibility of switching between different processes,this study used a stable anaerobic digestion reactor under mesophilic conditions((35±1)℃)with conventional solid content(total solids(TS)content is 2%),high solid content(TS content is 10%)and high solid content(TS content is 14%),as well as thermophilic conditions((55±1)℃)with conventional solid content(TS content is 2%).The thermophilic high solid anaerobic digestion reactor start-up test was carried out with the high-solid content thermal hydrolysis(TS content is 10%)excess sludge as the substrate,and the hydrogen utilization rate,specific methanogenic activity and microbial community structure changes during the start-up process were analyzed.The effects of temperature and total solids content(organic loading rate)on methane production characteristics were discussed.The results showed that after start-up from four different working conditions reactors to thermophilic high-solid anaerobic digestion reactor,the volatile solid degradation rate of each reactor was 39.8%-41.6%,maintaining a high methane production performance.The methanogenic activity of acetate decreased by 37.9%-73.4%compared with that before start-up,but the hydrogen utilization rate increased from 0.585-4.914 kPa/(g·h)to 6.76-18.25 kPa/(g·h).Hydrogenotrophic methanogens Methanothermobacter and Methanoculleus became the dominant species under high temperature and high ammonia nitrogen environment,and their relative abundance increased to 57.84%-83.94% after start-up.The results showed that

关 键 词：热水解高含固污泥 高温厌氧消化 氢代谢速率 比产甲烷活性 酸积累 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X799.3