丝绸之路交融下早期于阗佛寺壁画中的人体图像研究——以和田达玛沟出土晋代壁画为中心  

Human Body Images in the Murals of the Buddhist Temple of Khotan in the Early Period under the Integration of Silk Road——Focusing on the Murals of the Jin Dynasty Unearthed in Damagou,Hotan

作　　者：张博 王一潮 Zhang Bo;Wang Yichao(School of Fine Arts and Art Design,Tianshui Normal University,Tianshui 741001,China)

机构地区：[1]天水师范学院美术与艺术设计学院,甘肃天水741001

出　　处：《黑河学院学报》2024年第8期20-24,40,共6页Journal of Heihe University

基　　金：2020年度教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“丝绸之路交融下的关陇地区北朝维摩诘图像演变研究”(20YJA760083);甘肃省教育科学“十四五”规划2023年度“音乐、体育,美术、劳动教育、心理健康”一般专项课题“甘肃传统造型艺术融入高校美术专业课实施路径研究”(GS2023GHBZX1091)。

摘　　要：21世纪以来在新疆和田策勒县达玛沟古代佛寺遗址的考古发掘中,出土了7块绘制于晋代的壁画残片。这组壁画残片中蕴含着7个裸体、半裸体的伎乐天神人体形象。达玛沟晋代佛寺壁画的艺术风格具有早期犍陀罗艺术的特质,人体造型具有秣菟罗艺术的因素。壁画注重以线描表现人体的审美取向是受中原人体绘画的影响。这组壁画采用倒“U”形图式构图是对大夏—亚里克艺术中“列龛立佛”模式的模拟,线描与晕染相结合的绘画方法,展现出在中原文化影响下早期于阗佛教绘画创作的本土化实践。Since the 21st century,seven fragments of murals painted during the Jin Dynasty have been unearthed from archaeological excavations at the Damagou Ancient Buddhist Temple Site in Hotan Cele County,Xinjiang.This set of mural fragments contains seven naked and semi-naked human fi gures of the Jile Heavenly God.The artistic style of the Jin Dynasty Buddhist temple murals in Damagou has the characteristics of early Gandhara art,and the human body shape is infl uenced by the elements of Matula art.The aesthetic orientation of murals which emphasize the use of line drawing to depict the human body has been infl uenced by the painting of human bodies in the Central Plains.This group of murals adopts an inverted“U”—shaped composition,which simulates the“niches standing Buddha”mode in the art of Daxia Arik.The painting method combines line drawing and halo dyeing,demonstrating the localization practice of early Khotan Buddhist painting under the infl uence of Central Plains culture.

关 键 词：人体形象 犍陀罗壁画 中原人体绘画 倒“U”形图式 线描与晕染 

分 类 号：J209[艺术—美术]