新型人用狂犬病疫苗研发与保护效果  

An overview of the development and protective effect of novel rabies vaccines

作　　者：张晓昕(综述) 李薇(审校) ZHANG Xiaoxin;LI Wei(Pilot Plant Test Lab,Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products Co.,Ltd.,Gansu Provincial Vaccine Technology Innovation Center,Lanzhou 730046,Gansu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州生物制品研究所有限责任公司中试研究室甘肃省疫苗技术创新中心,甘肃兰州730046

出　　处：《微生物学免疫学进展》2024年第4期82-87,共6页Progress In Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：狂犬病(rabies)是由狂犬病毒(rabies virus)感染引起的一种严重威胁人类安全的急性传染病。虽然狂犬病灭活疫苗能够有效预防狂犬病毒感染,但存在接种剂次多、成本高等缺点,亟需研发有效、价格适中的新型狂犬病疫苗。近年,病毒载体疫苗、亚单位疫苗、核酸疫苗、佐剂疫苗和嵌合疫苗等新型狂犬病疫苗被研究用于防治狂犬病毒感染。现就新型狂犬病疫苗的研发情况、保护效果及其在预防狂犬病病毒感染等方面作一概述。Rabies is an acute infectious disease caused by rabies virus, seriously threatening the human health.Although the existing inactivated rabies virus vaccines can effectively prevent rabies virus infection after exposure, their drawbacks like complex multiple-doses and higher cost raise an urgent need for more effective and cheaper formulations. In recent years, novel vaccines based on viral vectors, protein subunits and nucleic acids combined with adjuvants and other chimeras have been studied and applied to prevent against rabies virus. This paper reviews the research status, protective effect of the newly developed rabies vaccines as well as their great potential in the prevention of rabies virus infection in the future.

关 键 词：狂犬病疫苗 病毒性疫苗 病毒载体疫苗 亚单位疫苗 DNA疫苗 mRNA疫苗 佐剂 

分 类 号：R373.9[医药卫生—病原生物学]