2020—2022年济南地区女性阴道微生态感染特征分析  

Analysis of the characteristics of vaginal microbiota infections in women in Jinan area from 2020 to 2022

作　　者：兰庆站 卢冰如 贾伟 高华 郝莹莹 LAN Qingzhan;LU Bingru;JIA Wei;GAO Hua;HAO Yingying(Department of Clinical Medical Laboratory,Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学附属省立医院临床医学检验部,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2024年第4期414-417,共4页Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81902119);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020QH089)。

摘　　要：目的分析妇科门诊就诊女性阴道微生态结果,为本地区妇科疾病诊疗提供参考依据。方法以2020年1月—2022年12月于山东第一医科大学附属省立医院妇科就诊的31525例患者为研究对象,采用形态学和酶功能学方法对患者进行微生态评价,按年龄,季节分组,分析各组间阴道微生态差异。结果阴道微生态正常4373例(13.87%),微生态失调27152例(86.13%),菌群密集度异常9126例(28.95%),菌群多样性异常15151例(48.06%),优势菌异常10252例(32.52%),pH异常8558例(27.15%),过氧化氢酶(H2O2)异常10876例(34.50%),需氧菌性阴道炎(AV)5410例(17.16%),阴道假丝酵母菌病(VVC)4941例(15.67%),细菌性阴道病(BV)4469例(14.18%),滴虫阴道炎(TV)311例(0.99%)。不同年龄组间阴道微生态各评价指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),季节间除BV、TV感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,其他指标间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论济南地区女性阴道微生态异常率较高,年龄、季节均是影响女性阴道微生态状态的因素。Objective To analyze the results of female vaginal microbiota in gynecological clinics,and provide reference basis for local diagnose and treat gynecological diseases.Methods A total of 31525 patients who visited the Department of Gynecology at the Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the research subjects.Morphological and enzymatic functional methods were used to evaluate the microecology of the patients,grouped by age and season,and differences in vaginal microecology between the groups were analyzed.Results 4373 cases(13.87%)had normal vaginal microbiota,27152 cases(86.13%)had dysbiosis,9126 cases(28.95%)had abnormal bacterial community density,15151 cases(48.06%)had abnormal bacterial diversity,10252 cases(32.52%)had abnormal dominant bacteria,8558 cases(27.15%)had abnormal pH,10876 cases(34.50%)had abnormal catalase(H2O2),and 5410 cases(17.16%)had aerobic vaginitis(AV),There were 4941 cases of vaginal candidiasis(VVC)(15.67%),4469 cases of bacterial vaginosis(BV,14.18%),and 311 cases of trichomonas vaginitis(TV,0.99%).There was a statistically significant difference(P<0.001)in the evaluation of vaginal microbiota among different age groups,while there was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in BV and TV infection rates between seasons.However,there were statistically significant differences(P<0.05)in other indicators.Conclusion The abnormal rate of female vaginal microbiota in Jinan was relatively high,and age and season were factors that affect the status of female vaginal microbiota.

关 键 词：阴道微生态 阴道炎 年龄 季节 阴道清洁度 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学] R173[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]