大理国铜镜初探  

A Preliminary Study of Bronze Mirrors of Dali Kingdom

作　　者：王文波 Wang Wenbo

机构地区：[1]云南大学历史与档案学院

出　　处：《四川文物》2024年第4期80-90,共11页Sichuan Cultural Relics

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金第73批面上资助项目“南诏大理国佛教考古遗存的整理与研究”(项目编号:2023M733009)。

摘　　要：大理国铜镜大部分应是北宋中晚期和南宋时期从中原地区传入,主要通过四川和广西地区,是市马贸易的产物,成都地区应是大理国铜镜的重要来源地之一。同时可能有一些金朝铜镜通过直接或间接的方式传入,也有大理国本地铸造的铜镜,反映了大理国与周边地区密切的交往与交流。从出土特征、铭文、镜面装饰来看,这些铜镜很可能是作为珍贵的佛塔供养品或墓葬随葬品,部分或许被用作法器,与佛教关系密切。The majority of the Dali Kingdom bronze mirrors are circular,while a small number of them are square,mallow flower-shaped,and water chest flower-shaped.According to the decorative patterns,they can be categorized into thirteen types:character story mirrors,bronze coin pattern mirrors,the Eight Diagrams pattern mirrors,double-fish pattern mirrors,the Four Supernatural Animals pattern mirrors,Capricorn pattern mirrors,auspicious animal pattern mirrors,flower and bird pattern mirrors,rosette pattern mirrors,chrysanthemum pattern mirrors,four-petal flower pattern mirrors,plain surface mirrors with inscriptions,and pure plain surface mirrors.These bronze mirrors can be divided into two periods:the early period equivalent to the middle to late Northern Song Dynasty and the late period equivalent to the Southern Song Dynasty.The patterns and inscriptions indicate that the bronze mirrors unearthed in the Dali Kingdom area mainly came from the Central Plains region,mostly introduced through Sichuan and Guangxi regions,as the outcome of Market Horse Trade.As one of the centers for mirror casting at that time,Chengdu region should be one of the important sources of bronze mirrors in the Dali Kingdom.At the same time,some bronze mirrors from the Jin Dynasty may have been introduced here through direct or indirect channels,and there are also some locally cast bronze mirrors in the Dali Kingdom,reflecting the close cultural communication between the Dali Kingdom and surrounding areas.These bronze mirrors,as precious offerings,are mainly unearthed in Buddhist pagodas near the capital city of Dali Kingdom,with a small amount used as precious funeral objects in tombs.Meanwhile,some bronze mirrors are likely to have religious functions and be used as ritual tools in religious activities.

关 键 词：大理国 铜镜 文化交流 佛教 

分 类 号：K875.2[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]