汉代北京地区农业结构与特点——以路县故城遗址冶铸遗存浮选结果为例  

Preliminary Study on Agricultural Structure During Han Dynasty in Beijing:Taking Charred Plant Remains from Smelting Remains in Heritage Site at the Ancient Government Seat of Luxian County as An Example

作　　者：尹达 魏然 卜彦博 孙勐 YIN Da;WEI Ran;BU Yanbo;SUN Meng(Beijing Institute of Archaeology/Beijing Institute of Cultural Heritage,Beijing 100009)

机构地区：[1]北京市考古研究院/北京市文化遗产研究院,北京100009

出　　处：《中国农史》2024年第4期101-112,共12页Agricultural History of China

摘　　要：路县故城遗址位于北京市通州区潞城镇古城村,现副中心行政办公区西北部,是一处两汉时期的县级城址。为了解遗址手工业作坊区工匠的饮食消费和生活状况,探讨两汉时期北京地区的农业发展水平和特点,2020年对该遗址涌翠西路地点冶铸遗存开展了浮选。涌翠西路地点冶铸遗存的特殊背景较大影响到出土炭化植物遗存的数量和种类。结果显示,小麦在两汉时期成为与粟相当的重要农作物,形成了麦和粟为主,大豆、大麦、红小豆、黍、水稻和大麻等多品种农作物为辅的崭新种植结构。炭化水稻遗存在北京地区首次被发现,说明水稻在东汉初年由官方进行了小规模的推广种植,却难以对本地区的旱作农业形成显著影响。综合路县故城遗址手工业作坊区多处地点的浮选结果来看,冶铸手工业者的主食种类多样,还食用多品种的瓜果和坚果,与其他地点无明显差异。The heritage site at the ancient government seat of Luxian County is a county-level city of the Han Dynasty,located in the northwest of the subsidiary administrative center,Tongzhou District,Bei-jing.36 flotation samples collected from smelting remains in Yongcui West Road location,reveal a new pat-tern of Agricultural struction during the Han Dynasty in Beijing.The special background of smelting remains greatly affected the quantity and variety of charred plant remains.Wheat became an important crop as impor-tant as millet during Han Dynasty,forming a new structure with wheat and millet as the main crops.Rice is discovered for the first time in Beijing,the dating results and literature records indicated that rice was offi-cially promoted by the government in the early Eastern Han Dynasty on a small scale,but it was difficult to impact the dry-land agriculture.By comparing with the flotation results of other locations in Luxiangucheng site,the diet of craftsmen in Yongcui West Road location had no difference in staple food,and they may also have a variety of fruits,nuts and wild plant resources.

关 键 词：路县故城遗址 汉代 冶铸遗存 北京地区 小麦 粟 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]