京沪文坛流动与沈从文民族想象的生成  

The Flow of Literary Circles between Beijing and Shanghai and the Generation of Shen Congwen's National Imagination

作　　者：向宇新 XIANG Yu-xin(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学文学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《汉江师范学院学报》2024年第4期24-33,共10页Journal of Hanjiang Normal University

摘　　要：“职业作家”沈从文对于民族共同体的想象,很大程度上受到其赖以生存的文坛生态的影响。沈从文前期在北京文坛与上海文坛的流动过程,促使其民族想象不断演进并趋于稳定。北京时期,面临已开始体制化、专业化的北京文坛,沈从文不得以“投稿家”身份接受规训,被迫隐匿苗族文化身份与压抑民族想象。来到上海,一方面,被“商业文学”盘剥的沈从文开始回望民族原乡,另一方面,自由的租界文坛为沈从文提供以多种方式想象民族的可能,但也使他的民族认同陷入了殖民与商业的话语漩涡。最后,再次回到北京的沈从文因为报刊编辑身份的获得与文化资本的积累,在旧双城文坛之外,以独立于政治与经济的五四文坛想象为坐标,参与了京派文坛的生成。沈从文最终在具有独立价值认同的京派文学生态中,确立了新的混杂文化身份,并展开了具有稳定性与持续性的新的国族想象。A"professional writer"Shen Congwen's imagination of the national community is largely influenced by the ecology of the literary world where he lived.The flow process of Shen Congwen's literary world in Beijing and Shanghai in the early stage prompted his national imagination to continuously evolve and stabilize.During the Beijing period,Beijing literary world became institutionalized and professional,he was forbidden to accept the discipline as a"contributor",and was forced to hide the cultural identity of the Miao People and suppress the national imagination.When he came to Shanghai,exploited by"commercial literature",he began to look back at the original national homeland.The free concession literary world provided him with the possibility of imagining the nation in various ways,and plunged his national identity into the vortex of colonial and commercial discourse.Finally,he returned to Beijing again,participated in the formation of Beijing school of literary circle because of the acquisition of the literary editor and the accumulation of cultural capital.In the end,he established a new mixed cultural identity in the ecology of Beijing literature with independent value identity,and launched a new national imagination with stability and continuity.

关 键 词：沈从文 双城文学坛 民族想象 文化身份 

分 类 号：I207.42[文学—中国文学]