基于SSR标记的花椰菜育种种质遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Cauliflower(Brassica oleracea var.botrytis)Breeding Germplasm Based on SSR Markers

作　　者：宋晓玉 韩硕[1] 甘德芳[2] 宋顺华[1] 刘凡[1] 郭宁[1] 孟淑春[1] SONG Xiao-Yu;HAN Shuo;GAN De-Fang;SONG Shun-Hua;LIU Fan;GUO Ning;MENG Shu-Chun(State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding/National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables/Inspection and Test Center of Vegetable Seed Quality of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Vegetable Research Center,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Beijing 100097,China;Horticulture College,Anhui Agricultural University,Anhui 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所/蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室/国家蔬菜工程技术研究中心/农业农村部蔬菜种子质量检验测试中心,北京100097 [2]安徽农业大学园艺学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2024年第9期1982-1995,共14页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20230214);国家自然科学基金(32072576);北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所改革与发展项目(KYCX202405)。

摘　　要：花椰菜(Brassica oleracea var. botrytis)起源于欧洲,我国种质资源的遗传多样性较狭窄,亟待开展种质创新及创新种质的评价技术等研究。利用小孢子培养技术创制双单倍体(double haploid, DH)不但能缩短育种年限而且也是种质创新的重要手段。花椰菜小孢子再生株后代的遗传多样性评估,是利用双单倍技术进行种质创新和育种应用要解决的关键问题。本研究筛选出29对带型清晰稳定、多态性较好的SSR引物,PIC变幅为0.29~0.57,平均值为0.42。利用这29对引物,对由66份DH系和18份高代自交系组成的84份花椰菜育种种质群体进行标记分型研究。结果显示,材料的遗传距离主要集中在0.3~0.6,平均为0.56,遗传相似系数在0.50~0.97之间,平均为0.57,在遗传相似系数为0.55时,将材料共分为4组。通过DH材料的亲缘关系分析发现,F1杂种的DH系后代材料中能够获得遗传多样性较高的材料,DH育种可以作为花椰菜种质创新的重要手段。本研究为花椰菜遗传多样性的评价与利用提供理论支撑和技术支持。Cauliflower(Brassica oleracea var.botrytis),originating from Europe,has a relatively narrow genetic diversity in China's germplasm resources,urgently requiring studies on germplasm innovation and evaluation techniques.The creation of double haploids(DH)using microspore culture not only shortens the breeding cycle but is also a crucial means for germplasm innovation.Understanding and evaluating the genetic diversity of cauliflower microspore progeny is a key issue to be resolved for the application of DH technology in germplasm innovation and breeding.In this study,29 pairs of SSR primers with clear and stable band patterns and good polymorphism were selected,with PIC range of 0.29 to 0.57 and average value of 0.42.Using these 29 primers,the marker genotyping study was conducted on a cauliflower breeding germplasm population consisting of 66 DH lines and 18 advanced inbred lines,totaling 84 materials.The results showed that the genetic distances of the materials mainly ranged from 0.3 to 0.6,with an average of 0.56;the genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.50 to 0.97,with an average of 0.57.At a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.55,the materials were divided into 4 groups.Through the analysis of the relationships of DH materials,it was found that high genetic diversity could be obtained in the DH progenies of F1 hybrid,confirming that DH breeding could serve as an important tool for germplasm innovation in cauliflower.This study provides theoretical and technical support for the evaluation and utilization of genetic diversity in cauliflower.

关 键 词：花椰菜 SSR标记 双单倍体 遗传多样性 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S63[农业科学—蔬菜学]