植物耐铜的分子机制和微生物学机制  

Molecular and Microbial Mechanisms of Plant Response to Copper Stress

作　　者：张晶 王剑峰 龚记熠[1,2] 王丽 陈显磊 陈兰兰 李娜 刘杰[1,2] 乙引[1,2] ZHANG Jing;WANG Jian-Feng;GONG Ji-Yi;WANG Li;CHEN Xian-Lei;CHEN Lan-Lan;LI Na;LIU Jie;YI Yin(School of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Biodiversity Conservation of Southwest Karst Mountains,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China;State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agroecosystems/Center for Grassland Microbiome,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学,西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室,贵阳550001 [3]兰州大学,草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室/草地微生物研究中心,兰州730000

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2024年第9期2159-2172,共14页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-贵州省人民政府喀斯特科学研究中心项目(U1812401)。

摘　　要：当前,土壤重金属污染已成为全球性的重大环境问题。铜(Cu)是植物必需的微量元素,但高浓度的铜对植物具有毒害作用。为了适应铜胁迫环境,植物发展了多种耐铜的分子机制和微生物学机制。本文介绍了超积累植物在铜污染土壤中的作用,系统总结了植物应答铜胁迫的形态、生理分子和根际微生物生态学机制,包括以下内容:植物对铜的生理防御和吸收转运机制;植物根际促生细菌(plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR)通过促进植物营养吸收和分泌生长调节物质来增强植物对铜胁迫的耐受性;PGPR通过诱导系统抗性和吸附积累铜离子以降低铜对植物的损伤;根际微生物群落结构和功能介导的植物应答铜胁迫的机制;植物响应不同铜胁迫的根际微生物群落结构的变化。本文为今后培育耐铜植物新种质和治理修复铜污染的土壤提供科技支撑。At present,soil heavy metal pollution has become a global major environmental issue.Copper(Cu)is an essential trace element for plants,but high concentrations of copper have toxic effects on plants.In order to adapt to copper stress environments,plants have developed various copper-tolerant molecular and microbiological mechanisms.This article introduces the role of hyperaccumulating plants in coppercontaminated soil,systematically outlining the morphological,physiological,molecular,and rhizospheric microbiological mechanisms of plant responses to copper stress,including the following:The physiological defense and absorption transport mechanisms of plants against copper;Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)enhancing plant tolerance to copper stress by promoting plant nutrient absorption and secreting growth-regulating substances;PGPR reducing copper damage to plants by inducing systemic resistance and adsorbing accumulated copper ions;The mechanisms of plant responses to copper stress mediated by rhizospheric microbial community structure and function;And the changes in rhizospheric microbial community structure in response to different copper stresses.This article provides scientific support for the future breeding of copper-tolerant plant germplasm and the management and restoration of coppercontaminated soil.

关 键 词：铜胁迫 形态学 分子机制 微生物学机制 根际促生菌 根际微生物群落 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]