叔孙通“起礼乐”之文化传统与现实条件述论  

The Study on Cultural Tradition and Realistic Conditions of Shusun Tong's Construction of Ritual and Music Civilization System

作　　者：李连秀 LI Lianxiu(QilLu Culture Research Institute,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学齐鲁文化研究院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《济宁学院学报》2024年第4期27-32,共6页Journal of Jining University

基　　金：教育部国家留学基金资助项目“2022年国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目”(202208370126)。

摘　　要：叔孙通“起礼乐”是汉代历史与中华礼乐文明史上的重要里程碑。其原因为:从文化传统看,中国早期先王奠定的制礼作乐的圣教传统,早期儒家探索儒学与政权结合的努力尝试与先圣前贤恢复周代礼乐文明的儒家理想以及文化群体存亡继绝的责任担当所形成的优秀文化传统,促使作为儒生的叔孙通勇于担起“起礼乐”的重任;从现实条件看,“起礼乐”所需典籍缺失,儒生群体的集体努力,汉初亟待休养生息的局面,不同区域异质文化间的矛盾冲突以及统治集团对儒学的偏见与对楚俗的偏爱,造成“起礼乐”的现实困境。然而,叔孙通以“希世”“度务”的策略,不仅基本建构了汉初礼乐文明制度与礼乐文明新形态,而且赓续了中华礼乐文明。The Construction of Rites and Music System presided by Shusun Tong is an important milestone in the history of Han dynasty and Chinese civilization.This paper tries to discuss the reasons of this construction in two aspects:the cultural tradition and realistic conditions of early Western Han dynasty.The cultural traditions involved the foundation of constructing rites and music system laid by the Early Emperor,the efforts of exploring the ways to combine Confucianism with political power and to resume the Confucian ideal by Confucian scholars,and to make the cultural classics survival by the cultural groups,all these had formed an excellent cultural traditions,which had prompted him to take up the task of the construction of ritual music system bravely.In the meantime,the realistic conditions he faced was complicated,such as the lack of classic texts,the efforts taken by the confuciants,the strong need to recuperate and build up strength in the early year,the conflicts of heterogeneous cultures in different regions,the prejudice towards Confucianism and preference for Chu customs by the Emperor Gaozu and ruling group,etc.Shusun Tong had overcome all these disadvantages with flexible strategies,and knew the important affairs at the moment.Thus,he had not only basically constructed and renewed the system of ritual and music civilization in the early Han dynasty,but also successfully constructed the system of Chinese ritual and music civilization.For this reason,he had made this act a milestone in the history of Chinese civilization.

关 键 词：中华礼乐文明 叔孙通 起礼乐 文化传统 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]