兰州市某农村地区秋冬季室内环境质量监测分析  

Monitoring and analysis of indoor environment quality in autumn and winter in rural Lanzhou, China

作　　者：李盛 赵贵雪 王金玉[3] 田琳娟 李星波 冯亚莉 李普[4] LI Sheng;ZHAO Gui-xue;WANG Jin-yu;TIAN Lin-juan;LI Xing-bo;FENG Ya-li;LI Pu(Lanzhou Lung Hospital,Lanzhou 730046,China;The First People’s Hospital of Lanzhou City;School of Basic Medical Sciences,Lanzhou University;Baiyin Second People’s Hospital)

机构地区：[1]兰州市肺科医院,兰州730046 [2]兰州市第一人民医院 [3]兰州大学基础医学院 [4]白银市第二人民医院

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2024年第8期691-695,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：兰州市科技计划项目(2023-2-36)。

摘　　要：目的掌握兰州市榆中县某农村地区秋冬季室内环境污染现状并分析其影响因素。方法在兰州市榆中县连搭镇薛家营村采用随机抽样的方法,抽取30户家庭住宅作为调查对象,于2023年9月(秋季)和2023年12月(冬季)分别对室内环境进行采样,收集噪音、照度、温度、湿度、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、CO、CO_(2)、NO_(2)、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、菌落总数、真菌总数监测数据,数据的统计学描述采用M(P_(25),P_(75)),不同季节和房间类型相应指标的监测结果差异比较采用非参数检验进行分析,室内环境各因素间的相关性采用Spearman秩相关进行分析。结果本次研究秋冬两季各收集60份空气标本,PM_(2.5)达标率最低(0.00%),二甲苯达标率最高(100.00%);噪音、温度、湿度、菌落总数、真菌总数秋季高于冬季且差异具有统计学意义,PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、CO、CO_(2)、甲醛、苯、甲苯冬季高于秋季且差异具有统计学意义,温度在不同房间类型间的存在差异且差异具有统计学意义。结论兰州市所调查农村地区秋冬季室内空气中的主要污染物为PM_(2.5),应关注房屋固体燃料燃烧、烹饪情况等对农村室内空气质量的影响。Objective To investigate the current situation of rural indoor environmental pollution in different seasons in Yuzhong County,Lanzhou,China,and analyze its influencing factors.Methods A random sampling method was adopted to select 30 family houses in Xuejiaying Village,Lianda Town,Yuzhong County,Lanzhou.Data of noise,illumination,temperature,humidity,PM_(2.5),PM_(10),CO,CO_(2),NO_(2),benzene,toluene,xylene,total number of colonies,and total number of fungi were collected in the indoor environment in September 2023(autumn)and December 2023(winter).Median(interquartile,P_(25)and P_(75))was used for the statistical description of data.The differences between seasons and room types were analyzed by the non-parametric test.The correlations between indoor environment factors were analyzed by Spearman correlation.Results Sixty air samples were collected in autumn and winter,respectively.The qualified rate of PM_(2.5)was the lowest(0.00%)and the qualified rate of xylene was the highest(100.00%).Noise,temperature,humidity,total number of colonies,and total number of fungi were significantly higher in autumn than in winter.PM_(2.5),PM_(10),CO,CO_(2),formaldehyde,benzene,and toluene were significantly higher in winter than in autumn.Temperature was significantly different among room types.Conclusion PM_(2.5)is the primary pollutant in some rural indoor air in Lanzhou.Attention should be paid to the influence of solid fuel combustion and cooking on rural indoor air.

关 键 词：兰州 农村 室内 环境质量监测 

分 类 号：R122.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R127[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]