金属矿山充填技术工程实践与发展趋势  

Engineering Practice and Development Trend of Metal Mine Backfill Technology

作　　者：陈鑫政 郭利杰 CHEN Xinzheng;GUO Lijie(BGRIMM Technology Group,Beijing 100160,China;National Centre for International Research on Green Metal Mining,Beijing 102628,China)

机构地区：[1]矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京100160 [2]国家金属矿绿色开采国际联合研究中心,北京102628

出　　处：《铜业工程》2024年第4期130-141,共12页Copper Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2904103)资助。

摘　　要：充填采矿法是实现绿色矿山和无废矿山建设的重要途径,也是深部矿产资源的首选开采方法。金属矿山充填技术经过几十年的发展,工艺技术逐渐成熟,但仍面临深井开采长距离高落差管道输送等一系列难题,并受充填成本的制约,随着人工智能为代表的新一代信息技术与采矿技术的交叉融合,传统充填工艺面临新的机遇和挑战。本文回顾了金属矿山充填技术的发展历程,从充填骨料角度对分级尾砂充填、戈壁集料充填、全尾砂充填和多元骨料充填等国内外工程案例进行了详细分析,总结了不同骨料充填工艺在骨料的供给方式、搅拌工艺、设计理念等方面的差异,展望了金属矿山充填工艺技术的发展趋势,提出未来应着重开展充填工艺系统的标准化、模块化、智能化、无人化建设,以及绿色充填技术,低成本深井固废充填技术和功能性矿山充填技术4个方向的研究,为国内矿山的充填工艺设计及充填技术创新提供参考。Mining with backfill method is an effective way to realize the construction of green mine and non-waste mine,and is also the preferred mining method for deep mineral resources exploitation.Metal mine backfill technology has been developed for decades and is gradually mature.But it still faces a series of problems such as long distance and high drop pipeline transportation in deep mining and the constraints of backfill costs.On the other hand,metal mine backfill technology is ushered in the opportunities and challenges of the cross-integration of a new generation of information technology represented by 5G and artificial intelligence.This paper reviewed the development history of metal mine backfill technology,discussed and analyzed in detail the engineering cases of deslimed tailings back⁃fill,Gobi aggregate backfill,whole tailings backfill and multi-aggregate backfill from the perspective of backfill aggregate,and the dif⁃ferences of these backfill technologies are mainly reflected in the supply mode of aggregate,mixing process and design concept.The pa⁃per also looked forward to the future development trend of metal mine backfill technology,and putted forward that the future research should focus on the standardization,modularization,intellectualization and unmanned construction of mine backfill system,green mine backfill technology,low cost and deep-well backfill technology and functional backfill technology.This paper would provide references for domestic mine backfill technology design and future scientific and technological innovation.

关 键 词：金属矿山 充填技术 绿色矿山 深井开采 工程案例 

分 类 号：TD85.34[矿业工程—金属矿开采]