人口流向视角下中国区县人口流动格局及其城镇化效应  

Population flow pattern and urbanization effect in the municipal and county districts in China

作　　者：程永辉[1,2] 刘科伟 李建伟[1] 康琦[2] 崔鹏 CHENG Yonghui;LIU Kewei;LI Jianwei;KANG Qi;CUI Peng(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127;Northwest Branch,Beijing Tsinghua Tongheng Urban Planning and Design Institute,Xi'an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学城市与环境学院,西安710127 [2]北京清华同衡规划设计研究院有限公司西北分公司,西安710061

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2024年第8期42-50,共9页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3802804);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42071211)资助。

摘　　要：中国人口流动正在经历全方位、多层次、多元化的深刻变化。文中以区县级行政单位为基本单元,以人口流向为分析视角,从人口流入、人口流出和内部人口流动三个维度,研究2000-2020年中国区县人口流动的格局演变及其城镇化效应。研究结果表明:1)人口流入主要集中在长三角、珠三角、京津冀、成渝四大城市群及中西部省会城市,显示出明显的集聚效应。人口流入对城镇化水平的提升作用日益明显,尤其对东部地区起到了极大的促进作用。2)人口流出呈现稳定的空间均衡化分布特征,大规模人口流出区县的范围持续扩大。人口流出在提升城镇化水平方面起到了积极作用,但其引起的城镇化动力结构失衡、农村地区发展潜力不足等负面影响也不容忽视。3)“胡焕庸线”东南半壁的内部人口流动活跃度高于西北半壁。内部人口流动在城镇化进程中的重要性日益凸显,已成为提升区县城镇化水平最主要的贡献力量。China's population flow is undergoing all-round, multi-level, and diversified profound changes. This article takes municipal and county districts as the basic units, uses population flow as the analytical perspective, and discusses the evolution of population flow pattern and its urbanization effect in municipal and county districts from 2000 to 2020 from the three dimensions of population inflow, population outflow, and internal population flow. The research results reveal that: 1) Population inflow is mainly concentrated in the four urban agglomerations of the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Chengdu and Chongqing, and provincial capital cities in the central and western regions, showing an obvious agglomeration effect. Population inflow has an increasingly obvious effect on improving the level of urbanization, especially in the eastern region. 2) Population outflow is characterized by a stable spatial balanced distribution, and the scope of municipal districts and county districts with high intensity of population outflow continues to expand.Population outflow has played a positive role in simply improving the level of urbanization, but its negative effects, such as the imbalanced urbanization power structure and insufficient development potential in rural areas, cannot be ignored. 3) The activity of internal population flow in the southeastern half of the "Hu Huanyong Line" is higher than that in the northwest half. The importance of internal population flow in the urbanization process has become increasingly prominent, and it has become the most important contributor to improving the urbanization level of municipal and county districts.

关 键 词：人口流动 市辖区 县域 格局演变 城镇化效应 

分 类 号：C922[社会学—人口学]