一种电动汽车无级变速器速比控制方法设计  

Design of a Speed Ratio Control Method for Electric Vehicle Continuously Variable Transmission

作　　者：陆兆钠 王传杏 李舜酩[2] LU Zhaona;WANG Chuanxing;LI Shunming(Nantong Institute of Technology,Nantong Jiangsu 226002 China;Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南通理工学院,江苏南通226002 [2]南京航空航天大学,南京210016

出　　处：《机械设计与研究》2024年第4期135-138,145,共5页Machine Design And Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB2003);2017年度南通市科学技术局项目(CP12017003);2018年度南通市科学技术局项目(JCZ18044)。

摘　　要：当前电动汽车在制定动力总成控制策略时主要聚焦于电机的工作状态,而忽视了无级变速器的运行状态,这导致其应用经济性不佳。鉴于此,本次将无级变速器作为一个整体纳入考虑范围,设计一种无级变速器速比控制方法,以期优化电动汽车运行的整体经济性。先明确发动机转矩与燃油消耗率、驱动电机转矩与电能消耗间的变化规律。据此找到最小燃油-电能消耗线上或小幅度范围内、且不超出无级变速器速比范围的对应速比,取得不同车速下基于最优经济性的传动系统速比,即目标速比。然后将其与当前速比的误差作为控制项,利用控制器按照控制律完成速比控制。最后,设置实验验证所提方法的先进性。测试结果表明:应用所提方法,其在相同时间内行驶距离更远,且百公里所消耗的燃油量和电能更低。由此可表明,所提方法不仅能够精准控制不同工况下的速比,且能够显著提高电动汽车的应用经济性,应用效果较好。At present,when formulating powertrain control strategies for electric vehicles,the main focus is on the working status of the motor,while ignoring the operating status of the continuously variable transmission,which leads to poor efficiency.In view of this,the continuously variable transmission is considered as a whole in this paper,and a speed ratio control method for continuously variable transmission is designed to optimize the overall efficiency of electric vehicle operation.Firstly,the variation patterns between the engine torque and the fuel consumption rate are clarified,as well as between the driving motor torque and the electrical energy consumption.Based on this,the corresponding speed ratio on the minimum fuel electric energy consumption line or within a small range is found while not exceeding the speed ratio range of the continuously variable transmission.And the optimal economic transmission system speed ratio is obtained based on different vehicle speeds,that is,the target speed ratio.Then,the error between it and the current speed ratio is used as the control term to complete the speed ratio control.Finally,the experiments are carried out to verify the efficacy of the proposed method.The test results show that using the proposed method,the vehicle can travel longer distances within the same time,and consumes lower fuel and electricity per 100 kilometers.This indicates that the proposed method can not only accurately control the speed ratio under different working conditions,but also significantly improve the fuel efficiency of electric vehicles.

关 键 词：电动汽车 无级变速器 速比控制 合理范围 目标速比 控制器 

分 类 号：U463.2[机械工程—车辆工程]