陈嘉庚对战时教育统制的批判与抗争——以1941年南洋侨师设立纠纷为中心  

Tan Kah Kee’s Struggle against the KMT’s Wartime Educational Control--A Study on the Dispute over the Birth of Nan Chiau Teachers’Training School

作　　者：翟彦浩 ZHAI Yan-hao(College of History,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210046,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史学院,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《华侨华人历史研究》2024年第3期11-23,共13页Journal of Overseas Chinese History Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“战时中国社会研究”(19JJD770006)之阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文聚焦于1941年南洋华侨师范设立纠纷,探讨了陈嘉庚与国民政府在教育统制问题上的分歧与抗争。陈嘉庚最初倡设国立华侨师范学校,以适应战时国策并缓解困境故土与侨居地的教育困境。然而,奉行“一党训政”的国民政府企图遥控南洋华校,陈嘉庚遂转向自主办理,以保护华侨教育免受政党斗争波及。依凭《南洋商报》和《民潮》等舆论阵地,陈嘉庚联合南侨总会、闽侨总会等社会团体,发起了广泛而热烈的抵抗运动。本文认为,陈嘉庚对海内外中华子民的深切悲悯,是驱动他不懈抗争的动力源泉。而他关于教育去政治化的思索与行动,不仅揭破了国民政府教育统制的虚伪性与局限性,亦为华侨社会留下了宝贵的精神财富。This paper focuses on the 1941 dispute over the birth of Nan Chiau Teachers’Training School,exploring the disagreements and struggles between Tan Kah Kee and the KMT government regarding educational control.Initially,Tan supported a national teachers’training school to align with wartime policies and alleviate the educational dilemma of the homeland and migrant society.However,as the KMT sought to remotely control overseas Chinese schools under its“one-party rule”policy,Tan shifted towards advocating for a privately-run school to shield Chinese education from political battles.Through media outlets like Nanyang Siang Pau and Min Chao,Tan united Overseas Chinese Associations and launched a broad resistance movement to the KMT’s unreasonable policy.This paper holds that Tan’s deep compassion for the Chinese was the source of power that drove his relentless struggles.And Tan’s commitment to educational autonomy not only exposed the hypocrisy and limitations of the KMT’s educational control,but also leaved a valuable spiritual legacy for the overseas Chinese community.

关 键 词：陈嘉庚 南洋华侨师范 教育统制 国民政府 

分 类 号：D634[政治法律—政治学] K265[政治法律—中外政治制度]