2023年厦门市1939例急性呼吸道感染住院儿童病原学特征分析  

Etiological characteristics of 1939 hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection in Xiamen in 2023

作　　者：魏艳丽 邹良能 洪山 蔡加锭 方宇露 郑壹林 张军能 Wei Yanli;Zou Liangneng;Hong Shan;Cai Jiading;Fang Yulu;Zheng Yilin;Zhang Junneng(Department of General Medicine,the Fifth Hospital of Xiamen,Fujian 361101,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]厦门市第五医院全科医学科,361101 [2]厦门市第五医院儿科,361101 [3]厦门市第五医院检验科,361101

出　　处：《山西医药杂志》2024年第14期1043-1047,共5页Shanxi Medical Journal

基　　金：福建省科技引导性项目(2022D032)。

摘　　要：目的探讨2023年厦门地区急性呼吸道感染儿童的呼吸道病原学流行特征。方法收集2023年厦门市患急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)的儿童1939个病例咽拭子,进行甲型流感(FluA)、甲型H_(1)N_(1)流感(FluA-H_(1)N_(1))、甲型H_(3)N_(2)流感(FluA-H_(3)N_(2))、鼻病毒(RVs)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、偏肺病毒(MPV)、腺病毒(ADV)、副流感病毒(PIV)、博卡病毒(BoV)、冠状病毒(CoV),乙型流感病毒(FluB)、肺炎支原体(MP)和衣原体的病原体检测,并对以上呼吸道13项病原体检测数据进行分析。结果ARTI儿童中,75.66%的患儿至少有1种呼吸道病原体呈阳性;不同年龄阶段中,学龄期儿童组呼吸道13项病原体阳性检出率79.41%,占比最高,其余依次是学龄前期儿童组、幼儿期儿童组及婴儿期儿童组(P<0.05);PIV、RSV和衣原体感染多发生在婴儿期,阳性检出率分别为12.16%、23.87%、2.25%,RVs、BoV感染多发生在幼儿期,阳性检出率分别为25.13%、3.54%,ADV感染多发生在学龄前期,阳性检出率为11.85%,FluA、FluA-H_(3)N_(2)、MP和FluB感染多发生在学龄期,阳性检出率分别为13.32%、8.13%、49.31%、和7.79%(P<0.05);FluA、FluA-H_(3)N_(2)、FluB、MP病原体检出率随患者年龄阶段增长占比增加,PIV、RSV病原体检出率随患者年龄阶段增长占比减小(P<0.05)。FluA-H_(1)N_(1)、RVs感染多发生在春季,阳性检出率分别为12.80%、21.48%,PIV、RSV感染多发生在夏季,阳性检出率分别为10.40%、24.32%,MPV、MP和BoV感染多发生在秋季,阳性检出率分别为8.54%、48.93%、2.96%,FluA、FluA-H_(3)N_(2)、ADV、FluB和衣原体感染多发生在冬季,阳性检出率分别为20.88%、17.78%、9.79%、14.95%和1.80%(P<0.05)。结论2023年厦门市ARTI儿童呼吸道13项病原体流行与性别、季节性和年龄阶段相关,不同季节性和年龄阶段病原体流行类型呈交替出现,因此需要加强ARTI儿童呼吸道病原学监测,进行精准临床治疗。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory pathogens in children with acute respiratory infection(ARTI)in Xiamen in 2023.Methods A total of 1939 throat swabs were collected from children with ARTI in Xiamen in 2023.Pathogens of influenza A(FluA),FluA-H_(1)N_(1),FluAH_(3)N_(2),rhinovirus,respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),metapneumovirus,adenovirus(ADV),parainfluenza virus(PIV),human bocavirus(BoV),coronavirus,influenza B virus(FluB),mycoplasma pneumonia(MP),and chlamydia were detected.The detection data of 13 pathogens in the upper respiratory tract were analyzed.Results 75.66%of the children with ARTI were positive for at least one respiratory pathogen.Among different age groups,the school-age group had the highest positive detection rate of 13 respiratory pathogens(79.41%),followed by preschool children,early childhood children,and infant children(P<0.05).PIV,RSV,and chlamydia infection tend to occur in infancy,with positive detection rates of 12.16%,23.87%,and 2.25%respectively.RVs and BoV infection occurred in early childhood,more positive detection rates of 25.13%and 3.54%respectively.ADV infection happened in the preschool perio,dm,ore positive detection rate of 11.85%.FluA,FluA-H_(3)N_(2),MP,and FluB infections mostly occurred in school-age children,with positive rates of 13.32%,8.13%,49.31%,and 7.79%,respectively(P<0.05).The detection rates of FluA,FluA-H_(3)N_(2),FluB,and MP pathogens increased with the age of the patients,and the detection rates of PIV and RSV pathogens decreased with the age of the patients(P<0.05).FluA-HN,and RVs mainly occurred in spring,with positive detection rates of 12.80%and 21.48%,respectively.PIV and RSV mainly occurred in summer,with positive detection rates of 10.40%and 24.32%,respectively.FluA,FluA-H_(3)N_(2),ADV,FluB,and chlamydia infections mostly occurred in winter,and the positive rates were 20.88%,17.78%,9.79%,14.95%and 1.80%,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of 13 respiratory pathogens in children with ARTI in Xiamen in 2023

关 键 词：呼吸道感染 流行病学监测 儿童 病原 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]