不同采集年份大花红景天种子萌发对温度的响应  

Response of seed germination of the alpine endangered species Rhodiola crenulata to temperature in different years

作　　者：耿博阳 覃滢卜 杨丽娥 彭德力[1,3] GENG Boyang;QIN Yingbo;YANG Li’e;PENG Deli(School of Life Science,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Faculty of Geography,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学生命科学学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南师范大学地理学部,云南昆明650500 [3]云南省生物质能与环境生物技术重点实验室,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《草业科学》2024年第8期1924-1933,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31700284、32060079);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察(2019QZKK0502)。

摘　　要：为确定温度变化对大花红景天(Rhodiola crenulata)种子萌发的影响,本研究以云南省香格里拉市大雪山居群的种子为材料,探究不同采集年份(2014、2015、2016、2019、2020、2021年)种子的萌发对温度(恒温:1、5、10、15、20、25、30、35℃;变温:15℃/5℃、25℃/15℃)的响应机制。结果表明:大花红景天种子萌发温度阈值较宽,1~35℃均可萌发,具有较宽的萌发温度生态位幅度(0.831~0.891),15~25℃萌发效果最佳;变温与相应恒温相比不能显著增加最终萌发率。通过积温模型模拟,种子萌发最低温度(Tb)为−0.49~0.82℃,萌发最适温度(To)为19.38~20.88℃,萌发最高温度(Tc)为34.21~38.76℃,亚适温条件下的种子萌发积温值为40.7~67.11℃·d。综上,大花红景天种子具有“机会主义”萌发行为,萌发最低温度较低且具有较宽的萌发温度窗口,使其可以在早春大量萌发,以保证幼苗拥有较长的生长季。研究结果为保护与利用野生大花红景天资源提供了一些参考。To study the effects of temperature on seed germination of Rhodiola crenulata,we examined the characteristics of seed germination at eight constant temperatures(1,5,10,15,20,25,30,and 35℃)and two alternating temperatures(15℃/5℃and 25℃/15℃)in different years(2014,2015,2016,2019,2020,and 2021)at Daxueshan Mountain in Shangri-La,Yunnan Province.The results showed that the seeds germinated under a wide temperature range and the germination niche breadth was 0.831~0.891.However,the seeds germinated significantly better at higher temperatures(15~25℃),and the alternating temperatures had no significant effects on seed germination.Cardinal temperatures(Tb,To,and Tc)were 0.49~0.82℃,19.38~20.88℃,and 34.21~38.76℃,respectively,and the thermal time for 50%(t50)germination ranged from 40.7 to 67.11℃·d.Low base temperature and wide germination niche breadth made the seeds germinate soon after snowmelt at the beginning of the short growing season,which maximizes the duration of the seedling growing season.The R.crenulata seeds exhibited“opportunistic”germination behavior with a wider germination window.The focus of this study was on the effects of temperature on seed germination of R. crenulata, and the findings provided reference materials for the protection and utilization of R. crenulata.

关 键 词：濒危植物 大花红景天 采集年份 温度 种子萌发 积温模型 萌发生态位 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]