刈割期对土默川平原苜蓿生产性能及经济效益的影响  

Effect of harvesting period on production performance and economic benefit of alfalfa in Tumochuan plain

作　　者：李文龙 李峰[1] 张晨 倪苗 高洁 魏晓斌 刘楠 陶雅[1,5] LI Wen-long;LI Feng;ZHANG Chen;NI Miao;GAO Jie;WEI Xiao-bin;LIU Nan;TAO Ya

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所/农业农村部饲草高效生产模式创新重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]鄂尔多斯市农牧业科学研究院,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017010 [3]内蒙古伊禾绿锦农业发展有限公司,内蒙古赤峰025500 [4]包头市农牧科学技术研究所农牧业资源与耕地保护中心,内蒙古包头014010 [5]国家乳业技术创新中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第15期98-102,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(项目编号:2023JBGS0014-04);科技创新2030—重大项目(项目编号:2022ZD04012);国家乳业技术创新中心项目(项目编号:2022-科研攻关-1);内蒙古自治区“揭榜挂帅”项目(项目编号:2022JBGS001602);农业重大技术协同推广计划试点项目“内蒙古地方优良苜蓿品种(敖汉苜蓿)全产业链现代化关键技术集成与推广应用”;中国农业科学院奶牛绿色养殖技术集成创新(项目编号:CAAS-XTCX2016011-01-02);中国农业科学院创新工程(项目编号:CAAS-ASTIP-IGR 2016-02)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究土默川平原苜蓿的最佳刈割时期,为苜蓿规模化生产应用提供参考。试验设置现蕾期、初花期和盛花期3个处理,每个处理3次重复。测定了土默川平原紫花苜蓿(WL319HQ)不同刈割时期的产量、营养品质和经济效益指标。结果表明:苜蓿在现蕾期刈割,全年可收获干草13011.60 kg/hm2,其粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量分别为20.69%DM、36.91%DM、26.64%DM,相对饲喂价值(RFV)为172.11,收益为16131.34~20034.83元/hm2。在初花期刈割,全年可收获干草12829.81 kg/hm2,其CP、NDF、ADF含量分别为18.55%DM、41.03%DM、30.70%DM,RFV为147.78,收益为11791.53~15640.47元/hm2。在盛花期刈割,全年可收获干草14444.64 kg/hm2,其CP、NDF、ADF含量分别为16.80%DM、45.82%DM、35.57%DM、RFV为124.40,收益低于9889.27元/hm2。研究表明,土默川平原苜蓿在现蕾期刈割的营养价值和经济效益更高。The experiment aims to explore the optimal harvesting time for alfalfa in the Tumochuan Plain,providing scientific reference for the large-scale production and application of alfalfa.The experiment was set up with three treatments:bud initiation,early flowering,and full bloom,with each treatment replicated three times.The experiment measure the yield traits,nutritional quality,and economic benefits of alfalfa(WL319HQ)at different harvesting times in the Tumochuan Plain.The results showed that when alfalfa was harvested at the bud stage,the annual dry hay yield was 13011.60 kg/hm2.The contentrations of CP,NDF,and ADF were 20.69%DM,36.91%DM,and 26.64%DM,respectively,with an RFV of 172.11,and the income ranged from 16131.34 to 20034.83 yuan/hm2.When harvested at the early flowering stage,the annual dry hay yield was 12829.81 kg/hm²,with CP,NDF,and ADF contentrations of 18.55%DM,41.03%DM,and 30.70%DM,respectively,an RFV of 147.78,and the income ranged from 11791.53 to 15,640.47 yuan/hm².When harvested at the full flowering stage,the annual dry hay yield was 14444.64 kg/hm²,with CP,NDF,and ADF contentations of 16.80%DM,45.82%DM,and 35.57%DM,respectively,an RFV of 124.40,and the income was less than 9889.27 yuan/hm².The research indicates that alfalfa harvested at the bud stage on the Tumochuan Plain has higher nutritional value and economic benefits.

关 键 词：土默川平原 紫花苜蓿 刈割期 生产性能 经济效益 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]