沈从文文学批评与“自我经典化”——兼谈经典观念如何介入作家创作  

Shen Congwen’s Literary Criticism and“Self-Classicization”——Also Talk about How Classical Concepts Intervene in Writers’Creation

作　　者：蒋士美 Jiang Shimei(Hunan Institute of Science and Technology)

机构地区：[1]湖南理工学院中文学院

出　　处：《写作》2024年第4期61-69,共9页Writing

基　　金：教育部人文社科青年基金项目“沈从文‘自我经典化’研究”(项目编号:23YJC751008);湖南省社科基金项目“沈从文‘自我经典化’路径研究”(项目编号:22YBA171)。

摘　　要：20世纪30年代,沈从文藉由系列批评文章表达了自身对于文学经典(伟大中国文学作品)的理解与思考,这些批评话语背后潜藏着强烈的“自我经典化”意识,并在其解读具体作家作品的过程中得以充分呈现:一是以“我”之经典观点评“他者”,即以自己心中的经典标准来评价或界定同时代其他作家的文学作品;二是主动将自己的作品与同时代风格近于自己的作家作品进行对读比较,并在此过程中实现对自我的阐释与评价,敞开理解自己作品“经典性”的空间和路径;三是频繁为自己的作品预设理想的读者和评论者,展露出对作品恒久审美价值的深度追求。沈从文的“自我经典化”,有力拓展了现代文学关于文学经典的思考和认识,也在一定程度上推动了其文学经典地位的最终确立。In the 1930s,Shen Congwen expressed his understanding and thinking about literary classics(great Chinese literary works)through a series of critical essays,and behind these critical discourses there was a strong sense of“self-classicization”,which was fully presented in the process of interpreting the works of specific writers:first,to evaluate the“other”from the classical viewpoint of“I”,that is,to evaluate or define the literary works of other writers of the same era according to the classical standards in his own mind;The second is to take the initiative to read and compare their own works with the works of contemporary writers whose style is close to their own,and in the process to realize their own interpretation and evaluation,and open up the space and path to understand the“classicality”of their works;The third is to frequently preset ideal readers and critics for their works,revealing a deep pursuit of the enduring aesthetic value of their works.Shen Congwen’s“self-classicization”has effectively expanded the thinking and understanding of literary classics in modern literature,and also promoted the final establishment of his status as literary classics to a certain extent.

关 键 词：沈从文 文学批评 经典观 理想读者 自我经典化 

分 类 号：H315[语言文字—英语]