FAST运行前后所处电磁环境特性研究  

Research on electromagnetic environment before and after the operation of the FAST

作　　者：杨铖 郝玉龙 刘文璐 士亚菲 孙建民 王健 YANG Cheng;HAO Yulong;LIU Wenlu;SHI Yafei;SUN Jianmin;WANG Jian(Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Qingdao Institute for Ocean Technology,Tianjin University,Qingdao 266200,China;Radio Monitoring Station of Guizhou,Guiyang 550001,China;Shandong Engineering Technology Research Center for Marine Information Perception and Transmission,Qingdao 266200,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学微电子学院,天津300072 [2]天津大学青岛海洋技术研究院,青岛266200 [3]贵州省无线电监测站,贵阳550001 [4]山东海洋信息感知与传输工程技术研究中心,青岛266200

出　　处：《电波科学学报》2024年第4期673-682,共10页Chinese Journal of Radio Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62031008)。

摘　　要：为掌握500 m口径球面射电望远镜(Five-hundred-meters Aperture Spherical radio Telescope,FAST)运行前后周边的电磁环境特性变化,针对FAST主要观测频段的电磁信号进行了观测。基于观测结果,分析了FAST周边电磁环境信号的分布特性:在FAST调试期间,主要以87~108 MHz频段广播信号、117.975~137 MHz航空移动信号、806~960 MHz固定移动信号为主,其中900~1200 MHz频率占用度最高,达到1.8%。FAST运行后,在485~566 MHz、614~640 MHz频段新增广播信号,702~798 MHz频段新增了中国广电5G公众移动通信信号,806~960 MHz频段新增固定、移动信号。同时,受2G基站部署密度提升以及3G和4G信号的接入影响,1710~1930 MHz频率占用度显著提升,1200~2000 MHz频率占用度提升至6.78%。对比《500米口径球面射电望远镜(FAST)干扰保护要求》,信号谱功率通量密度未全部达到要求的阈值以下。上述观测与FAST调试运行同步进行,所测信号包括了FAST调试过程中测控、通信等信号,上述分析研究对改进FAST周边电磁环境和指导FAST运行具有重要的参考意义。To understand the electromagnetic environment surrounding the Five-hundred-meters Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST)before and after its operation,electromagnetic signals in the main observation frequency bands of FAST were observed using standard radio signal observation methods.Based on the observation results,the distribution characteristics of electromagnetic signals in the vicinity of the FAST were analyzed as follows:during the commissioning phase of the FAST,the dominant signals included broadcast signals in the 87−108 MHz band,aeronautical mobile signals in the 117.975−137 MHz band,and fixed mobile signals in the 806−960 MHz band,with the highest frequency occupancy found between 900−1200 MHz,reaching 1.8%.After FAST became operational,new broadcast signals emerged in the 485−566 MHz and 614−640 MHz bands.Additionally,China Broadnet 5G public mobile communication signals have been added in the 702−798 MHz frequency band,and new fixed and mobile signals have been introduced in the 806−960 MHz frequency band.Meanwhile,affected by the increased deployment density of 2G base stations and the integration of 3G and 4G signals,the frequency occupancy significantly increased in the 1710−1930 MHz range,with the overall occupancy from 1200−2000 MHz rising to 6.78%.Compared to the“Interference Protection Requirements for the 500-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST),”not all measured signal spectral power flux densities met the required thresholds.These observations were conducted concurrently with the FAST commissioning and operational testing,including signals from telemetry and communications.This analysis provides important reference insights for improving the electromagnetic environment around the FAST and guiding its operation.

关 键 词：FAST 射电天文 电磁环境 

分 类 号：TN978[电子电信—信号与信息处理]