近月空间广域观测星座设计与效能分析  

Design and Performance Analysis of Wide-range Observation Constellation in Cis-lunar Space

作　　者：夏明 胡海鹰 陈起行[1,2] 张靖鹏 董磊 郑珍珍 王妍卉[1,2] XIA Ming;HU Haiying;CHEN Qihang;ZHANG Jingpeng;DONG Lei;ZHENG Zhenzhen;WANG Yanhui(Institute of Microsatellite Innovation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201304,China;Shanghai Microsatellite Engineering Center,Shanghai 201304,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院,上海201304 [2]上海微小卫星工程中心,上海201304

出　　处：《宇航学报》2024年第8期1172-1179,共8页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：中国科学院特别研究助理资助项目(Y32KRCYG01)。

摘　　要：为满足近月空间广域观测及地月转移目标跟踪观测需求,设计一种运行于地月平动点L1/L2点轨道及DRO轨道的三星广域观测星座。首先分析了近月空间目标特性与重点区域范围,并根据观测需求和维持代价优选系统轨道。接着根据观测对象特性完成对近月空间环扫覆盖探测与地月转移目标跟踪观测的工作模式设计。最后根据视星等公式对不同相位角和观测距离的目标亮度进行仿真分析得出载荷探测能力需求,并推导得出载荷探测视场需求。通过效能仿真分析,该星座对近月空间覆盖率周期为8天,可在1.5个周期内实现对近月空间的100%覆盖,单周期观测近月目标不少于14次、观测弧长不少于3.5 min,对典型地月转移目标观测弧段时长可占转移周期80%以上。满足近月空间广域观测和对近月目标及地月转移目标编目定轨需求。According to the requirements of cis-lunar space observation and earth-moon transfer target tracking observation,a tribe satellites constellation system at the Earth-Moon libration points(L1/L2 point)orbit and DRO orbit is designed.Firstly,the characteristics of cis-lunar targets and the scope of key areas are analyzed,and the orbits of the system is selected according to the observation requirements and maintenance costs.Then,the working mode of cis-lunar space ring sweep coverage detection and earth-moon transfer target tracking observation is designed according to the characteristics of the monitoring object.Finally,according to the apparent magnitude formula,the target brightness of different phase angles and the observation distances are simulated and analyzed to get the load detection capability requirements,and the load detection field of view requirements are derived.Through efficiency simulation analysis,the constellation’s coverage period of cis-lunar space is 8 days,which can achieve 100%coverage of the cis-lunar space in 1.5 cycles.The single-cycle observation of cis-lunar targets is not less than 14 times,the observation duration is more than 3.5 min,the observation duration of typical earth-moon transfer target account for more than 80%of the transfer period.It meets the requirements for cataloging and orbit determination of cis-lunar objects and earth-moon transfer objects.

关 键 词：地月平动点 近月空间 星座设计 效能分析 

分 类 号：V412.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]