强风干扰下固定翼无人机“元飞行”气动建模研究  

Meta-fly Aerodynamic Modeling for Fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in Strong Winds

作　　者：章胜 刘刚 周晓雨 黄江涛 朱喆 ZHANG Sheng;LIU Gang;ZHOU Xiaoyu;HUANG Jiangtao;ZHU Zhe(Aerospace Technology Research Institute,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所,绵阳621000

出　　处：《宇航学报》2024年第8期1235-1250,共16页Journal of Astronautics

摘　　要：强风干扰下的复杂空气动力学给固定翼无人机的安全稳定飞行带来了严峻挑战。为提高强风干扰下固定翼无人机的环境适应能力,发展了一种创新的“元飞行”气动建模方法。不同于传统气流系下的气动建模,“元飞行”气动建模是一种元方法论建模技术,其采用易于测量的飞行器相对于地面坐标系的运动变量进行描述,通过隔离实际飞行中难以观测到的风干扰影响,基于高阶泰勒展开多元函数变量分解理论,构建仅与无人机自身特性相关、不同风况条件下通用的固定翼无人机空气动力共性基函数解析模型,结合在线辨识的风干扰系数函数,进而实现对飞行器飞行过程中气动力(矩)的预测。研究表明文章发展的“元飞行”气动模型可以良好地预测未知风况下固定翼无人机的气动力(矩),为实时空气动力学建模的实现奠定了良好基础。The complex aerodynamics under the interference of strong wind pose a serious challenge for the safe and stable flight of the fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).To improve the environment adaptability of the fixedwing UAVs in strong winds,an innovative meta-fly aerodynamic modeling method is developed.Different from the traditional aerodynamic modeling established in the wind coordinate system,meta-fly aerodynamic modeling is a metamodeling technique.Based on the multivariate function variable decomposition theory of high-order Taylor expansion,the analytical common aerodynamic basis function model for the fixed-wing UAV,which is generally applicable under different wind conditions and depends only on the inherent properties of the vehicle,is constructed.It is described with the easily measured aircraft motion variables relative to the ground coordinate system and isolates the disturbances from wind that are difficult to observe.Combined with the wind disturbance coefficient function identified online,the prediction of aerodynamic forces and moments acting on the aircraft during the flights may be achieved.It is shown that the meta-fly aerodynamic model established for the fixed-wing UAV can accurately predict the aerodynamic force and moment under unknown wind conditions,which lays a good foundation for the engineering implementation of real-time aerodynamic modeling.

关 键 词：固定翼无人机 气动建模 强风干扰 元飞行气动模型 空气动力共性基函数 

分 类 号：V249.12[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]