真实气体效应和热化学反应对激波风洞流场特征参数的影响研究  

The Influence of Real Gas Effects and Thermochemical Reactions on the Characteristic Parameters of Flow in Shock Tunnel

作　　者：黄成扬 李贤 孔小平 孔荣宗[1] 罗仕超 胡守超[1,2] HUANG Chengyang;LI Xian;KONG Xiaoping;KONG Rongzong;LUO Shichao;HU Shouchao(Hypervelocity Institute,China Aerodynamic Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China;China Laboratory of Aerodynamics in Multiple Flow Regimes,China Aerodynamic Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所,绵阳621000 [2]中国空气动力研究与发展中心跨流域空气动力学重点实验室,绵阳621000

出　　处：《宇航学报》2024年第8期1301-1312,共12页Journal of Astronautics

摘　　要：真实气体效应会改变气体热物性,热化学反应则会影响激波波后状态,两者将共同影响激波风洞流场特征参数。利用真实气体状态方程和热化学平衡假设,建立了一套真实气体热物性和波后参数快速计算方法,研究了真实气体热物性参数的变化及热化学反应对波后参数的影响。通过考虑真实气体和热化学非平衡效应的准一维计算方法,结合气动理论分析,研究了真实气体效应和热化学反应对风洞流场时空结构和驻室参数的影响。结果表明,真实气体的声速、焓以及熵等参数与理想气体存在显著差异,且偏差随着压强的增加而增大。热化学反应使得激波波后气体温度和压强分别低于和高于定比热比假设的结果,且波后状态接近热化学平衡。真实气体效应则使得膨胀波波头传播速度增加及入射激波马赫数减小,影响风洞流场的时空结构,并可能导致有效实验时间减小。The real gas effect will change the thermal properties of the gas,and the thermochemical reaction will affect the state behind the shock wave,which will jointly affect the characteristic parameters of the shock wave wind tunnel flow field.Based on the state equation of real gas and the hypothesis of thermochemical equilibrium,a fast calculation method of real gas thermophysical properties and after-wave parameters is established,and the change of real gas thermochemical reaction on the after-wave parameters is studied.The influence of real gas effects and thermochemical reactions on the spatiotemporal structure of flow in shock tunnel and the flow parameters in the stagnation zone are investigated by quasione-dimensional numerical simulation considering the effects of real gas and thermochemical non-equilibrium combined with theoretical analysis.It is found that the sound speed,enthalpy,entropy and other thermophysical properties are significantly differences compared with real gas and ideal gas.All deviations increase with the increase of pressure.The thermochemical reactions induce the temperature and pressure behind the shock lower and higher than that of the fixed specific heat ratio gas respectively.The states behind incident and reflected shock both close to thermochemical equilibrium.The real gas effect increases the propagation speed of the expanding wave head and decreases the Mach number of the incident shock wave,which affects the space-time structure of the wind tunnel flow field and may lead to a decrease in the effective experiment time.

关 键 词：激波风洞 真实气体效应 热化学反应 热物性参数 流场特征参数 

分 类 号：V411.7[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]