侵害品种权合法来源抗辩:理论证成、适用界限与法律后果  

Legitimate source defense for infringement of variety right:theoretical justification,application boundary and legal consequences

作　　者：万志前[1,2] 王子洁 WAN Zhiqian;WANG Zijie(College of Humanities&Social Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China;Agricultural and Rural Rule of Law Innovation Research Center,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学文法学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]华中农业大学农业农村法治创新研究中心,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《沈阳工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期430-439,共10页Journal of Shenyang University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(23BFX078)。

摘　　要：合法来源抗辩是知识产权侵权诉讼中常见的抗辩事由之一,信赖保护原则、善意第三人理论和过错责任原则为其理论基础。合法来源抗辩是对品种权人侵权损害赔偿请求权的限制,为平衡品种权人与善意侵权人的利益,应从行为类型、主观要件、客观要件等方面明确其适用界限。构成合法来源抗辩的,侵权人应停止侵害和支付合理开支。应限制停止侵权的适用,可根据具体案件采取支付合理费用、事后许可及取得侵权物等代替救济方式,按照合理性、真实性、关联性确定合理开支的数额。善意侵权人所获利益的返还,应以现存利益为限。我国应借鉴其他知识产权领域立法、他国相关立法以及司法实践,完善侵害品种权合法来源抗辩制度。Legitimate source defense is one of the common defenses in intellectual property infringement litigation,which is based on the principle of reliance protection,the bona fide third-party theory,and the principle of fault liability.The legitimate source defense is a restriction on the right to claim damages for infringement.In order to balance the interests of the variety right holder and the bona fide infringers,its application boundaries should be clarified in terms of the types of acts,subjective elements and objective elements.If the legitimate source defense is established,the infringer shall cease infringement and pay reasonable expenses.The application of cessation of infringement should be replaced by such remedial means as payment of reasonable expenses,post-facto licenses,and obtaining infringing objects,and the amount of reasonable expenses should be determined in accordance with the requirements of reasonableness,truthfulness and relevance.The return of benefits obtained by bona fide infringers should be limited to the existing benefits.China should draw on the legislation in other intellectual property fields,relevant legislation and judicial practice in other countries,so as to improve the defense system of legitimate source of infringement of variety rights.

关 键 词：品种权 合法来源抗辩 善意侵权 停止侵害 合理开支 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]