力微任重:目标责任考核下的基层官员避责行为研究  

Small force,Heavy task:A Study of Grassroots OfficialsBlame Avoidance Behavior under the Target Responsibility Assessment

作　　者：许珂 张芳文 XU Ke;ZHANG Fangwen(School of Public Administration,Xi’an University of Finance and Economics;School of Public Administration,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]西安财经大学公共管理学院 [2]西北大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《公共管理评论》2024年第2期160-184,共25页China Public Administration Review

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“西部贫困地区县级地方政府治理能力评估研究”(项目批准号:19BZZ064);西北大学研究生科研创新项目“生态环境治理合作生产中公共价值冲突及干预研究”(项目批准号:CX2023021)资助。

摘　　要：研究基层官员避责行为的产生机理有助于完善我国官员激励机制,激发干部积极履职、敢于担当的意识。既有研究多集中于对危机情境中基层官员的避责行为进行探究,依托危机事件采取案例分析等质性研究方法,但忽视或未实证检验感知问责作为心理机制的中介作用。基于此,本文从目标责任考核这一日常治理情境出发,以计划行为理论和目标设置理论为基础,以基层官员为研究对象,发现目标设置合理性对避责行为存在显著的负向影响。其中,感知问责在目标合理性与避责行为之间存在中介作用;权责匹配在目标合理性与感知问责之间起正向调节作用,在感知问责与避责行为之间起负向调节作用。由此,本文建构了目标责任制下基层官员避责行为的解释性框架,认为基层官员避责行为实质上是在特定目标设置与资源匹配下基于心理感知的一种主动性调适,是对目标任务的一种消极反馈。该框架可能会对抑制和矫治基层官员避责行为具有一定启示意义。Research on the mechanism of grassroots civil servants’blame-avoidance behavior under various goal-setting and accountability pressures has been a hot topic in academia.However,previous studies have mainly focused on exploring the avoidance behavior of grassroots officials in crisis situations,relying on qualitative research methods,such as case analyses of crisis events,while neglecting or not empirically testing the intermediary role of perceptual accountability as a psychological mechanism.To explore this“black box,”we constructed an explanatory framework for the blame-avoidance behavior of grassroots officials in the context of the goal-responsibility appraisals,which includes both the institutional and psychological influences,such as the reasonableness of the goal-setting,the matching of authority and responsibility,and the felt accountability.We then employed the theory of planned behavior and the job demand-control-support model based on 247 valid samples collected in China to explore how the reasonableness of the goal affects blame-avoidance behavior.Using a combination of questionnaire experiments and interviews,we proposed and tested our theoretical model.The interesting finding is that the moderating effect of power-responsibility matching on the relationship between felt accountability and blame-avoidance behavior is not validated.The following are possible reasons.First,to measure felt responsibility,we look at felt responsibility from two dimensions:goal perception and relationship perception.But power-responsibility matching is only a minor part of the relationship perception,thus weakening the moderation of power-responsibility matching in the relationship between felt accountability and blame-avoidance behavior.Moreover,the subjects in this study are grassroots civil servants who hold very little power,and the effects of power-responsibility matching on their felt accountability are weak,thus likely not moderating their blame-avoidance behavior.Finally,studies have found that personality t

关 键 词：目标责任制 权责关系 避责行为 感知问责 计划行为理论 

分 类 号：D630.3[政治法律—政治学]