西天山山地草甸不同坡向昆虫群落与植物多样性及功能性状的关系  

Relationship between insect community and plant diversity and functional traits of different slope orientation of mountain meadow in western Tianshan Mountains

作　　者：许贞魏 贺炯坤 张雨晴 侯智文 李东育 韩大勇 XU Zhen-wei;HE Jiong-kun;ZHANG Yu-qing;HOU Zhi-wen;LI Dong-yu;HAN Da-yong(College of Biological Science and Technology,Ili Normal University,Yining 835000,China;Institute of Resources and Ecology,Ili Normal University,Yining 835000,China)

机构地区：[1]伊犁师范大学生物科学与技术学院,新疆伊宁835000 [2]伊犁师范大学资源与生态研究所,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2024年第4期182-188,共7页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：伊犁州科技计划项目(乌头内生菌活性代谢物对农林害虫的生防作用研究)。

摘　　要：【目的】阐明坡向对昆虫群落的影响,探究不同坡向昆虫群落与植物多样性及功能性状的关系。【方法】以西天山国家级自然保护区山地草甸为研究对象,通过野外植被和昆虫取样,分析阴坡、阳坡和坡顶3种生境的昆虫群落物种组成和多样性特征,探讨与植物多样性、功能性状的关系。【结果】1)该山地草甸的昆虫种类丰富多样,隶属于8目172种,双翅目(Diptera)和半翅目(Hemiptera)为优势类,分别占个体数的77.02%和21.32%。阴坡昆虫数量最多,为4 399头,其次为坡顶和阳坡,分别为2 750头和1 959头;2)昆虫群落特征指数在阳坡、阴坡、坡顶具有明显差异性,阳坡昆虫群落特征指数最高。3)植物多样性和功能性状对昆虫群落的影响具有差异性(P<0.01)。叶长与昆虫群落优势度指数和丰度指数具有显著相关性(P<0.01),株高与昆虫群落丰富度指数具有显著相关性(P<0.01),植物种类与昆虫多样性没有显著相关性。【结论】西天山保护区山地草甸植物功能性状中的叶长、株高是影响西天山山地草甸昆虫群落的主要因子。【Objective】In order to further elucidate the effect of slope orientation on insect community,the rela-tionship between insect community of different slope orientation and plant diversity and functional traits was explored.【Method】In this paper,the mountain meadow of West Tianshan National Nature Reserve was taken as the research object.The species composition and diversity characteristics of insect communities in three habitats of shady slope,sunny slope and slope top were analyzed by field vegetation and insect sampling methods,so as to explore its relation-ship with plant diversity and functional traits.【Result】1)The insect species in the mountain meadow were rich and diverse,belonging to 8 orders and 172 species.Diptera and Hemiptera were the dominant species,accounting for 77.02%and 21.32%of the individual number,respectively.The number of insects on the shady slope was the high-est,which was 4399,followed by the top and sunny slopes,which were 2750 and 1959,respectively.2)The charac-teristic index of insect community was significantly different in sunny slope,shady slope and slope top,and the charac-teristic index of insect community in sunny slope was the highest.3)The effects of plant diversity and functional traits on insect community were different(P<0.01).Leaf length was significantly correlated with the dominance index and abundance index of insect community(P<0.01).Plant height was significantly correlated with the richness in-dex of insect community(P<0.01).There was no significant correlation between plant species and insect diversity.【Conclusion】In summary,the leaf length and plant height of the plant functional traits in the mountain meadow of the Western Tianshan Reserve are the main factors affecting the insect community in the western Tianshan mountain meadow.

关 键 词：昆虫群落结构 植被特征 山地草甸 西天山国家级保护区 伊犁河谷 

分 类 号：S812.29[农业科学—草业科学]