柔毛镰刀菌的室内药效测定和田间药效筛选  

Indoor efficacy determination and field efficacy screening of Fusarium flocciferum

作　　者：祁娜 王爱文 许永锋 何树文 杨成德 Qi Na;WANG Ai-wen;XU Yong-feng;HE Shu-wen;YANG Cheng-de;无(Laboratory of Biocontrol Engineering of Crop Pests and Diseases in Gansu Province,College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Zhangye Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhangye 734000,China;Zhangye Station of Plant Protection and Quarantine,Zhangye 734000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [2]张掖市农科院,甘肃张掖734000 [3]甘肃省张掖市植保植检站,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2024年第4期218-225,共8页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：玉米病害综合防治技术研究(GSAU-JSYF-2021)。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选出防治玉米根部主要病原镰刀菌-柔毛镰刀菌(Fusarium flocciferum)的高效低毒杀菌剂。【方法】采用菌丝生长速率法测定了11种杀菌剂对柔毛镰刀菌的抑菌效果,同时进行6个种子处理剂对玉米根部病害的防效试验。【结果】10%叶菌唑悬浮剂对菌丝生长抑制作用最强,EC50值为0.008μg/mL;抑菌效果较好的药剂为3%吡唑醚菌酯·噁霉灵颗粒剂和200 g/L氟酰羟·苯甲唑悬浮剂,EC50值分别为0.051μg/mL和0.093μg/mL;柔毛镰刀菌菌丝生长对50%福美双可湿性粉剂和25%氰烯菌酯悬浮剂最敏感,斜率分别为3.76和3.49,其次为15%多菌灵·福美双悬浮种衣剂,斜率为1.92;各种子处理剂对玉米根部镰刀菌根腐有一定的防治效果,其中1 000亿cfu/g枯草芽孢杆菌粉剂与种子的配比为1∶200时防治效果最好;200 mL 18%噻灵·咯·精甲FS配比100 kg种子及450 mL11%精甲·咯·嘧菌FS配比100 kg种子时防效较好。【结论】10%叶菌唑SC对柔毛镰刀菌菌丝的抑制作用最好,在种子处理试验中1000亿cfu/g枯草芽孢杆菌DP与种子的配比为1∶200时的防治效果最好,该研究结果为玉米根部镰刀菌的化学防治药剂选择提供了依据。【Objective】To screen for highly effective and low-toxicity fungicides against Fusarium flocciferum,the main pathogen affecting maize roots.【Method】This study imployed the mycelial growth rate method to deter-mine the inhibition effect of 11 fungicides against F.flocciferum.Six seed treatments were tested for their effective-ness in controlling maize root diseases.【Result】The results showed that Carbendazole 10%SC had exhibitied the strongest inhibitory effect on mycelial growth,with an EC50 value of 0.008µg/mL.Fungicides with notable fungal in-hibition included Pyraclostrobin hymexazol 3%GR and pydiflumetofen difenoconazole 200 g/L SC,with EC50 values of 0.051µg/mL and 0.093µg/mL,respectively.The hyphae growth of F.flocciferum was most sensitive to Thiram 50%WP and Phenamacril 25%SC,with slopes of 3.76 and 3.49,respectively,followed by carbendazim•thiram 15%FS with a slope of 1.92.Various seed treatments effectively controlled Fusarium root rot in maize with the most ef-fective being 100 billion cfu/g Bacillus subtilis powder at aseed-to-treatmentr atio of 1∶200.Additionally,seed treat-ment using 200 mL/100 kg of seeds with thiabendazole fludioxonil metalaxyl-M 18%FS and 450 mL/100 kg of seeds with metalaxyl-M fludioxonil azoxystrobin 11%FS showed good preventative effects.【Conclusion】Carbenda-zole 10%SC provided the best inhibition of F.flocciferum mycelium,while the seed treatment with 100 billion cfu/g Bacillus subtilis DP to seed of 1∶200 achieved the most effective control.These findings offer a basis for selecting chemical control agents for managing Fusariumin maize roots.

关 键 词：柔毛镰刀菌 生长速率法 化学药剂 药效 测定 田间防效 

分 类 号：S435.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]