全球铝土矿贸易格局演化及中国贸易特征  

Evolution of the Global Bauxite Trade Pattern and the Characteristics of China’s Trade

作　　者：易璐[1] 李云云 郑明贵[1,2] 谢柳燕 Lu YI;Yunyun LI;Minggui ZHENG;Liuyan XIE(School of Economics and Management,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China;College of Management,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学经济管理学院,江西赣州341000 [2]中国科学技术大学管理学院,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《黄金科学技术》2024年第5期926-938,共13页Gold Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中国战略性矿产资源产业链供应链安全稳定战略研究(2025—2060)”(编号:22XGL003)资助。

摘　　要：我国铝土矿资源供给长期难以满足需求,需要从海外进口大量的优质铝土矿来满足国内需求。为了研究经济政策等要素对铝土矿国际贸易格局的影响,以2012—2022年全球铝土矿贸易额作为数据来源,运用复杂网络分析方法,构建了铝土矿贸易随机网络和加权网络,对全球铝土矿贸易格局演变、主要贸易国地位演变和中国铝土矿贸易网络特征进行研究。结果表明:(1)全球铝土矿贸易网络规模具有稳健性,但其贸易网络结构具有不对称性,国家之间的贸易联系较为分散,全球铝土矿贸易呈碎片化特征。(2)全球铝土矿贸易国家中,澳大利亚与中国分别为出入强度最大的国家,但二者中介控制能力均有待加强,印度的中介控制能力较强,起到“桥梁”的作用。(3)中国是全球第一大铝土矿进口国,出口贸易额排名也不断上升,且进出口市场格局均较为集中。未来中国扩大铝土矿进口市场格局,潜在可选范围较为广泛:一方面中国仍然可以继续对澳大利亚、印度尼西亚、巴西和圭亚那等传统贸易国家加大进口份额;另一方面,中国可以利用地缘优势加强对土耳其、印度等“一带一路”沿线国家的铝土矿进口。Bauxite serves as a crucial raw material for the production of aluminum.However,China’s domestic bauxite resources have long been insufficient to satisfy the country’s demand.Consequently,it has beome imperative to import substantial quantities of high-quality bauxite from international sources to fulfill domestic requirements.The international trade dynamics of bauxite are continually evolving,influenced by economic policies and various other factors.Drawing upon the global bauxite trade volumes from 2012 to 2022,this paper employs complex network analysis to construct boths to chastic and weighted networks of bauxite trade.It examines the evolution of the global bauxite trade patterns,the changing status of major trading nations,and the specific characteristics of China’s bauxite trade network.The findings indicate that the scale of the global bauxite trade network demonstrates robustness.However,the network’s structure is asymmetrical,with trade connections between countries being relatively dispersed.The global bauxite trade exhibits significant frag-mentation.Among the nations engaged in bauxite trading,Australia and China,demonstrate the highest levels of import and export activity.However,their intermediary control capabilities require enhancement.Conversely,India possesses relatively robust intermediary control capabilities,effectively functioning as a“bridge”within the trade network.China stands as the world’s largest importer of bauxite,with an increasing prominence in export trade volume and a relatively concentrated market structure for both imports and exports.In the future,China is poised to broaden its bauxite import market framework,with a diverse array of potential sources.On one hand,China can augment its import share from established trading partners,including Australia,Indonesia,Brazil,and Guyana.On the other hand,China can leverage its geographical advantages to procure bauxite from Turkey,India,and other nations along the“Belt and Road Initiative”.

关 键 词：复杂网络 铝土矿 贸易格局演化 社团划分 

分 类 号：F416.1[经济管理—产业经济]