单细胞多组学在灵长类早期胚胎发育中的研究应用  

Early Primate Embryo Development Meets Single-cell Multi-omics

作　　者：潘志辉 郭荣荣 张又月 谭韬 PAN Zhi-Hui;GUO Rong-Rong;ZHANG You-Yue;TAN Tao(State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research,Institute of Primate Translational Medicine,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Southwest United Graduate School,Kunming 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学灵长类转化医学研究院,省部共建非人灵长类生物医学国家重点实验室,昆明650500 [2]西南联合研究生院,昆明650032

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2024年第9期2000-2015,共16页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(GZ2021GB001A)资助项目。

摘　　要：啮齿类是研究胚胎发育的重要模型,然而啮齿类与灵长类在发育过程中存在巨大的种属差异,啮齿类中的研究并不能简单推广到灵长类中,因此灵长类生殖发育研究亟待开展。早期胚胎细胞数量稀少且复杂多样,通常采用单细胞测序技术来揭示其发育过程及调控机制。然而仅依靠单细胞单组学分析并不能有效全面地解析细胞间编码的复杂网络信息。单细胞多组学有效地联合转录组、表观遗传组、蛋白质组、代谢组等进行分析,使研究者能够在同一细胞水平上系统地解码不同细胞类型的异质性及发育轨迹,从多维度去理解灵长类早期胚胎发育的关键事件。本文总结了单细胞RNA治疗发展到多组学过程中关键技术的发展历程,并概述了多组学技术在深入解读灵长类早期胚胎发育研究中的应用及未来潜在的发展方向和挑战。Given the constraints imposed by the“14-day ethics”rule,numerous critical events occurring between the second and fourth weeks of embryonic development remain poorly understood.This underscores the necessity of a detailed understanding of embryonic development and regulation during this period,which is indispensable for preventing pregnancy failure,treating birth defects,and promoting human reproductive health.Rodents,characterized by their small size,rapid growth,strong reproductive capacity,and fully sequenced genomes,are widely used as crucial models for studying embryonic development.However,the substantial physiological differences between rodents and primates due to evolutionary divergence make it challenging to directly apply findings from rodent studies to primates.Besides,primates,our closest relatives in terms of evolutionary phylogenetics and physiological characteristics,share more than 95%genetic homology with humans,underscoring the urgent need for primate research.Furthermore,early-stage embryonic cells are both scarce and diverse,making their regulatory mechanisms and developmental pathways typically elucidated through single-cell sequencing.For instance,three significant articles published in Science in 2018 mapped the complete atlas of organ and tissue development from fertilization and captured dynamic gene expression profiles in zebrafish and frogs through single-cell transcriptomics.Unfortunately,relying solely on single-cell omics analysis falls short in effectively and comprehensively deciphering the intricate cellular network information.Single-cell multi-omics empower researchers to systematically decode cell heterogeneity and developmental trajectories at the individual cell level by combining transcriptomics,epigenomics,proteomics,and metabolomics analyses.These emerging technologies play a significant role in life sciences,enabling the elucidation of critical early primate embryonic development events from a multi-dimensional perspective,including zygotic genome activation(ZGA),X-c

关 键 词：单细胞测序 多组学技术 灵长类 早期胚胎发育 

分 类 号：R321[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] Q811.4[医药卫生—基础医学]