Effects of environment and genotype-by-environment interaction on phenotype of Rorippa elata(Brassicaceae),an endemic alpine plant in the Hengduan mountains  

环境和基因型-环境互作对横断山特有高山植物高蔊菜表型的影响

作　　者：Zhi-Qiang Du Yao-Wu Xing Ting-Shen Han 

机构地区：[1]CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology,Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Mengla 666303,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [3]State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops,Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Mengla 666303,China

出　　处：《Journal of Plant Ecology》2024年第4期42-55,共14页植物生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170224,32225005);the NSFC-ERC International Cooperation and Exchange Programs(32311530331);the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2020391).

摘　　要：Global climate change poses a severe threat to mountain biodiversity.Phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation are two common strategies for alpine plant to cope with such change.They may facilitate organismal adaptation to contrasting environments,depending on the influences of the environment or genotype or their interacted effects.In this study,we use an endemic alpine plant(Rorippa elata)in the Hengduan mountains(HDM)to unravel its phenotypic basis of adaptation strategy and evaluate the relative contributions of environment and genotype to its phenotype.We transplanted 37 genotypes of R.elata into two common gardens across low and high elevations(2800 vs.3800 m)during 2021-2022.Nine fitness-related traits were measured,including flowering probability and glucosinolates(GS)content.We estimated the environmental or genotypic contributions to the phenotype and identified the main environmental components.Our results revealed that both environment and genotype-by-environment interactions contributed to the phenotypes of R.elata.Latitudinal heterogeneity was identified as a key factor that explained 24%of the total phenotypic variation.In particular,genotypes of the northern HDM showed significantly higher plasticity in flowering probability than those of the southern HDM.Furthermore,within the southern HDM,GS content indicated local adaptation to herbivory stresses for R.elata genotypes along elevations.In conclusion,our results suggest that R.elata may have adapted to the alpine environment through species-level plasticity or regional-level local adaptation.These processes were shaped by either complex topography or interactions between genotype and mountain environments.Our study provides empirical evidence on the adaptation of alpine plants.全球气候变化对山地生物多样性构成严重威胁。表型可塑性和局域适应性是高山植物应对气候变化的两种常见策略,它们可能有助于生物适应不断变化的环境,具体情况则取决于环境、基因型或其相互作用的影响效应。本研究以横断山特有高山植物高蔊菜(Rorippa elata)为研究对象,揭示其适应策略的表型基础,并评估环境和基因型对其表型变异的相对贡献。在2021至2022年间,我们将37个高蔊菜基因型移植到两个不同海拔(2800和3800 m)的同质园中,对包括开花率和芥子油苷含量在内的9个适合性相关性状进行测量,评估环境或基因型对高蔊菜表型变异的贡献,并识别影响其适应性的主要环境因素。研究结果表明,高蔊菜的表型变异受到环境和基因型-环境互作效应的共同影响;纬度异质性被鉴定为关键变量,可以解释24%的适应性表型变异。特别是,横断山北段的基因型在开花率等形态表型上拥有较高的可塑性,横断山南段内来自不同海拔的基因型间,则在芥子油苷含量等代谢表型上存在显著的局域适应性。上述结果表明,高蔊菜可能以物种水平的表型可塑性和区域水平的局域适应性适应高山环境。

关 键 词：alpine plant common garden genotype-by-environment Hengduan mountains local adaptation phenotypic plasticity 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]