变电站用阀控式铅酸蓄电池容量衰退研究  

Study on Capacity Decline of Valve-Controlled Lead-Acid Batteries for Substation

作　　者：孙中鸣 魏俊杰 李扬 张胜寒 Sun Zhongming;Wei Junjie;Li Yang;Zhang Shenghan(Department of Environment Science and Engineering,North China Electric Power University(Baoding),Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学(保定)环境科学与工程系,河北保定071000

出　　处：《山东化工》2024年第16期178-180,共3页Shandong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：铅酸蓄电池(VRLA)具有较好的高低温适应性、放电功率大、安全系数高等优点,在变电站直流系统中的使用越来越多,但是存在对电池的容量衰减速率不确定性的问题,不能预测铅酸蓄电池的失效,一旦发生失效则会导致非常严重的后果,因而对阀控式铅酸蓄电池容量衰减的研究有重大研究意义。本文根据变电站铅酸蓄电池的使用情况,选用了三块不同厂家的相同额定容量铅酸蓄电池,设计并开展了阀控式铅酸蓄电池加速充放电循环试验,并对测得的容量结果进行分析,寻找能够反映电池容量衰减的规律。结果表明,三块电池的容量衰减度不同,容量保持的最低的电池在循环充放电结束后,可放电容量仅有初次测定容量的75%,保持率最好的电池可放电容量可达到初次测定容量的85.2%。发现开路电压、放电曲线线性部分斜率、峰值电压、谷底电压和电池衰减度之间存在一定的相关性,可以由这些指标来预测铅酸蓄电池的容量衰减,为利用电化学交流阻抗对实时预测蓄电池寿命提供依据。Lead-acid battery(VRLA)has the advantages of good adaptability to high and low temperatures,large discharge power and high safety factor.It is used more and more in the DC system of substation.However,there is a problem of uncertainty in the capacity decay rate of the battery,which cannot predict the failure of the lead-acid battery,and will lead to very serious consequences once it fails.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the capacity attenuation of valve-controlled lead-acid batteries.According to the use of lead-acid batteries in substation,three lead-acid batteries with the same rated capacity from different manufacturers were selected to design and carry out the accelerated charging and discharging cycle test of valve-controlled lead-acid batteries,and the measured capacity results were analyzed to find the law that could reflect the attenuation of battery capacity.The results showed that the capacity attenuation of the three batteries was different.The battery with the lowest capacity retention was only 75%of the first measured capacity after cyclic charging and discharging,and the battery with the best retention rate was 8.52%of the first measured capacity.It was found that the open circuit voltage,the slope of the linear part of the discharge curve,the peak voltage,the bottom voltage and the attenuation of the battery had a certain correlation.These indexes could be used to predict the capacity attenuation of lead-acid batteries,and provide a basis for real-time prediction of battery life by electrochemical AC impedance.

关 键 词：阀控式铅酸蓄电池 容量衰减 放电曲线 Coup de fouet现象 电压 

分 类 号：TQ150[化学工程—电化学工业]