微观晶界特性对氧化锌压敏电阻宏观电气性能的影响机制  

Influence Mechanism of Micro Grain-boundary Parameters to the Electrical Properties of ZnO Varistor

作　　者：孟鹏飞 郭敬科 雷潇 王磊 张兵兵 缪奎 胡军[6] MENG Pengfei;GUO Jingke;LEI Xiao;WANG Lei;ZHANG Bingbing;MIAO Kui;HU Jun(College of Electrical Eng.,Sichuan Univ.,Chengdu 610065,China;State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Research Inst.,Chengdu 610041,China;State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Research Inst.,Heilongjiang 150030,China;Zhongke Tianji Technol.Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan 750002,China;Xi'an XD Arrester Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710200,China;Department of Electrical Eng.,Tsinghua Univ.,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学电气工程学院,四川成都610065 [2]国网四川省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,四川成都610041 [3]国网黑龙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [4]中科天际科技股份有限公司,宁夏银川750002 [5]西安西电避雷器有限责任公司,陕西西安710200 [6]清华大学电机系,北京100084

出　　处：《工程科学与技术》2024年第5期98-105,共8页Advanced Engineering Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(52107158)。

摘　　要：ZnO压敏电阻具有优良的非线性伏安特性与良好的通流能力,可以在电力系统发生过电压时吸收冲击能量从而实现对电力设备的保护,在电力设备的过电压保护中得到广泛应用。ZnO压敏电阻的非线性特性起源与其晶界特殊的双肖特基势垒结构有关,微观晶界参数对ZnO压敏电阻的宏观电气性能参数起到决定性作用,而目前对于微观晶界特性对ZnO压敏电阻宏观电气性能的影响机制研究较少。本文基于Voronoi网络及改进的晶界分区模型,通过材料计算的方法研究了ZnO压敏电阻晶粒施主密度、晶界表面态密度、晶界分区参数等微观晶界特性对其宏观电气性能的影响规律。本文将高性能ZnO压敏电阻的研制过程视为多变量、多目标问题,并依据任意优化变量对优化目标的影响是否相同、优化变量对两类优化目标的作用效果是否相同对优化目标和优化变量进行分类,揭示了微观晶界对电气性能的影响机制。通过优化变量、优化目标的合理分类,将复杂的多变量、多目标问题有效简化,并依据分类变量和分类目标的特征制定分步优化策略,从微观物理层面对ZnO压敏电阻性能进行改善,对高性能ZnO压敏电阻的研制有重要意义。ZnO varistors exhibit excellent nonlinear voltage-current characteristics and substantial energy capacity,enabling them to absorb impulse energy during power system overvoltages and thus protect the electrical equipment.The nonlinear behavior of ZnO varistors is attributed to the double Schottky barrier structure at their grain boundaries.The parameters of these micro-grain boundaries play a decisive role in determining the macroscopic electrical performance of ZnO varistors.However,few studies have investigated the influence of micro grain-boundary structural parameters on the macroscopic electrical properties of ZnO varistors.This study utilizes a Voronoi network and an improved grain boundary partitioning model to simulate and calculate how micro grain-boundary parameters,such as grain donor density,grain boundary surface state density,and grain boundary partitioning parameters,affect the macroscopic electrical properties of ZnO varistors.The development process of high-performance ZnO varistors is considered a multi-variable and multi-objective problem.The optimization targets and variables are classified based on whether any optimization variable has similar influences on the optimization targets and whether the variable affects both types of optimization targets equally.This classification reveals the influence mechanism of micro grain boundaries on electrical properties.By reasonably classifying optimization variables and objectives,this study simplifies complex multi-variable and multi-objective problems.It formulates step-bystep optimization strategies based on the characteristics of classified variables and objectives,thus improving the performance of ZnO varistors.This approach considerably enhances varistor performance at the microscopic physical layer,which is crucial for the development of high-performance varistors.

关 键 词：ZNO压敏电阻 材料计算 双肖特基势垒 晶界分区 影响机制 

分 类 号：TM54[电气工程—电器]