3D打印球冠式摩擦电自供能压缩传感结构及应用  

3D Printing of Spherical Crown Friction Electric Self-powered Compressive Strain Sensing Structure and Its Application

作　　者：栾丛丛 王振威 纪毓杨 姚鑫骅[1] 傅建中[1] LUAN Congcong;WANG Zhenwei;JI Yuyang;YAO Xinhua;FU Jianzhong(School of Mechanical Eng.,Zhejiang Univ.,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学机械工程学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《工程科学与技术》2024年第5期258-267,共10页Advanced Engineering Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51905478);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY22E050007);浙江大学实验技术研究项目(SYB202106)。

摘　　要：针对柔性可穿戴器件对压缩应变传感的需求,利用摩擦纳米发电机摩擦生电的原理,设计可监测压缩应变的球冠式自供能压缩传感结构,以尼龙布和硅胶为正负摩擦材料,基于硬度差异化硅胶材料设计策略,实现球冠摩擦接触面积的压缩可变性,并阐释其自供能压缩传感的原理;配制3种硅胶打印墨水,采用自主研发的多喷头硅胶直写3维(3D)打印工艺与设备,制造相应的自供能压缩应变传感结构;借助冷场发射扫描电子显微镜对摩擦球冠的横截面形貌进行表征,分析不同硬度硅胶间的界面黏结性能;搭建可实现往复运动的压缩实验装置,通过实验研究球冠尺寸参数和压缩应变对传感输出电性能的影响规律。实验结果表明:3D打印球冠式摩擦电自供能压缩传感结构的最大压缩应变输出电信号随支撑球冠高度的增大而增大;开路电压、电荷转移量和短路电流均与压缩应变呈正相关,当压缩应变由7%增至35%时,开路电压峰值由5.3V增至22.2V,且具有良好的循环耐久稳定性。最后,以该球冠式自供能压缩应变传感结构为基础,设计一款自供能传感鞋垫,并探索其在步态监测和足底压力分布监测方面的传感性能,获得了良好的应用效果。研究内容为可穿戴柔性摩擦电式自供能压缩应变传感结构的一体化设计制造提供新思路与新工艺。This study designs a spherical crown self-powered compressive strain sensing structure to meet the demand for flexible wearable devices capable of compressive strain sensing.Nylon cloth and silicone serve as positive and negative friction materials,respectively,based on the principle of frictional electricity generation of the Triboelectric Nanogenerator(TENG).The design strategy is utilized to achieve variable compression in the friction contact area by employing heterogeneous silicone materials.The principle of self-powered compressive strain sensing is elucidated.Three different mass ratios of printing ink composition materials are developed.The multi-nozzle silicone direct writing 3D printing technology is employed to fabricate this self-powered compressive strain sensing structure.The microscopic morphology of the spherical crown friction structure section is analyzed using a scanning electron microscope.The impact of spherical crown size and compressive strain on the output electrical performance of the sensing structure is investigated through a specially developed compressive motion experimental device.The experimental results indicated that the output signal of the maximum compressive strain increases with the height of the supporting spherical crown.Moreover,the open-circuit voltage,short-circuit transferred charge,and short-circuit current all positively correlate with the compressive strain.As the compressive strain increases from 7%to 35%,the peak open-circuit voltage escalates from 5.3 V to 22.2 V.Concurrently,the sensing structure exhibits robust durability and stability.Ultimately,a self-powered sensing insole utilizing the spherical crown compressive strain sensing structure is designed,demonstrating effective application in monitoring gait and plantar pressure distribution.This study offers novel insights and approaches for the design and production of multi-material wearable flexible self-powered compressive strain sensing structures.

关 键 词：柔性传感 3D打印 自供能 压缩传感 可穿戴器件 

分 类 号：TH164[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]