吸波材料/结构及吸波-承载功能一体化结构研究进展  

Progress of wave-absorbing materials/structures and wave absorbing-load bearing multifunctional structures

作　　者：王江涛 陈帅 沈承[1,2] 高金翎 刘家贵 赵振宇[1,2] 王昕[4] 李振 王鹏飞 孟晗 卢天健 WANG Jiangtao;CHEN Shuai;SHEN Cheng;GAO Jinling;LIU Jiagui;ZHAO Zhenyu;WANG Xin;LI Zhen;WANG Pengfei;MENG Han;LU Tianjian(National Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Aerospace Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Lightweight Materials and Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Nternational Mechanical Center,Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China;Advanced Materials and Energy Research Center,China Academy of Space Science and Technology Innovation,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航空航天结构力学及控制全国重点实验室,南京210016 [2]南京航空航天大学多功能轻量化材料与结构工信部重点实验室,南京210016 [3]西安交通大学机械工程学院国际机械中心,西安710049 [4]中国航天科技创新研究院先进材料与能源研究中心,北京100176

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2024年第8期3866-3882,共17页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12202188,12032010,12302472);国家高层次人才经费(YQR23023)。

摘　　要：随着现代科学技术的迅速发展,电子信息设备的普及极大改善了人们的生活质量,但随之也带来了电磁干扰与电磁辐射等安全问题,尤其是对于国防军工领域,雷达测试技术的改进升级使武器装备的生存力面对巨大威胁。因此迫切需要开发高性能的电磁吸波材料来抑制电磁干扰与辐射,防止信息泄露。本文以吸波材料与吸波结构应用为切入点,对各种吸波材料的电磁波损耗机制进行了系统地整理,同时探讨了吸波结构的主要应用手段,并以此为基础阐述了吸波材料与吸波结构的研究现状与发展趋势,进一步分析了目前研究发展中吸波材料与吸波结构具备的优势与不足,最后提炼出了吸波领域未来需要解决的关键科学问题,针对现今吸波材料与结构功能一体化研究的不足,提出了关于未来研究方向的关键性建议。在此所讨论的方法与提出的策略有望对未来吸波-承载结构创新型设计提供一定的指导。With the rapid advancement of modern science and technology,the widespread adoption of electronic information devices has significantly enhanced the quality of human life.However,security issues such as electromagnetic interference and leakage are arose with this progress.These issues become particularly pronounced in the field of national defense and military technology,where the improvement and upgrading of radar testing technologies pose substantial threats to the survivability of weaponry systems.Consequently,there is an urgent need to develop high-performance electromagnetic absorption materials to suppress electromagnetic interference and radiation,thereby preventing information leakage.This article takes the application of absorption materials and absorption structures as its starting point,systematically organizing the electromagnetic wave loss mechanism of various absorption materials.Simultaneously,it explores the primary means of application for absorption structures.Building upon this foundation,the current state and future trends of research on absorption materials and structures are elucidated.Furthermore,a comprehensive analysis of the advantages and shortcomings inherent in current research and development is undertaken,culminating in the identification of key scientific issues that the field of absorption must address in the future.In response to the current inadequacies in the integration of absorption materials and structural functionality,pivotal recommendations regarding future research directions are proposed.The methods discussed and strategies put forth herein are poised to provide valuable guidance for innovative designs in the realm of absorption-bearing structures in the future.

关 键 词：吸波材料/结构 吸波-承载 功能一体化 电磁波损耗机制 电磁辐射 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB333[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] V19