几种常见的瞬时频率计算方法研究  

Study of several common instantaneous frequency calculation methods

作　　者：田广 赵岩[1,2] TIAN Guang;ZHAO Yan(Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources(Yangtze University),Ministry of Education,Wuhan 430100,China;School of Geophysics and Oil Resources,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China)

机构地区：[1]油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室(长江大学),武汉430100 [2]长江大学地球物理与石油资源学院,武汉430100

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2024年第4期1553-1564,共12页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室青年创新团队项目(PI2023-01);国家自然科学基金(41604094)联合资助。

摘　　要：瞬时频率是一个重要的地震属性,其有助于油气藏识别,对储层预测工作具有重要意义.本文详实地回顾了多种常见的瞬时频率计算方法,并利用解析正弦信号进行测试,将各算法的瞬时频率计算结果与正弦信号的理论解析瞬时频率进行对比,并通过计算与理论解析瞬时频率的互相关系数、误差及各算法运算时长进行综合分析,对比各种瞬时频率计算方法.为了进一步测试各算法的性能,将复杂信号应用到各瞬时频率计算方法中进行分析对比.解析信号和复杂信号的测试结果表明,对于不同类型的数据各算法的性能表现也各有不同,能够较准确地计算出简单解析信号的瞬时频率的方法在计算复杂信号的瞬时频率时会出现野值、“负频率”或计算结果不精确等情况.并且,瞬时频率计算时出现的野值与“负频率”会将实际有效的瞬时频率信息淹没,攻克野值与“负频率”问题还需要进一步的工作.Instantaneous frequency is an important seismic attribute, which helps in identification of oil and gas reservoirs and is of great significance to reservoir prediction. This paper provides a detailed review of several common instantaneous frequency calculation methods and tests using analytical sinusoidal signals. The instantaneous frequency calculation results of each algorithm are compared with the analytical instantaneous frequency of sinusoidal signals, and various instantaneous frequency calculation methods are compared by comprehensively analyzing the correlation number, error between the calculated results and the theoretical analytical instantaneous frequency, and operation time. In order to further test the performance of each algorithm, we apply the more complex signals to each instantaneous frequency calculation method to analyze and compare. The test results of analytic and complex signals show that the performance of each algorithm varies for different types of data. The method that can relatively accurately calculate the instantaneous frequency of a simple analytical signal will have outliers, "negative frequencies", or inaccurate calculation results when calculating the instantaneous frequency of complex signals. Outliers and "negative frequencies" that appear during instantaneous frequency calculations will submerge the actual effective instantaneous frequency information. Further work is needed to overcome the problems of outliers and "negative frequencies".

关 键 词：瞬时频率 复地震道分析 “负频率” 地震勘探 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]