面向层析反演的地层反射信息自动化拾取方法研究  

Automatic pick-up method of strata reflection information for tomography

作　　者：郑浩 李国发[1] 郭恺 ZHENG Hao;LI GuoFa;GUO Kai(Key Laboratory of Geophysical Exploration of China National Petroleum Corporation,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;Sinopec Geophysical Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211103,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)CNPC物探重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中石化石油物探技术研究院有限公司,南京211103

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2024年第4期1586-1596,共11页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0702504)资助。

摘　　要：反射波层析速度建模的数据基础是地层反射信息,包括地震剖面反射点和成像道集剩余曲率两部分,如何实现高精度、自动化拾取是关键.基于此,首先通过引入结构张量算法沿构造特征进行结构滤波,实现地震剖面和成像道集反射信号的特征增强,提高反射信息识别度.在此基础上,基于地震子波的几何特征及同相轴的空间延续性,建立波峰(波谷)判别准则,实现地震剖面反射点自动拾取;最后,以剖面反射点拾取为基础,引入线性反演算法计算成像道集同相轴的偏移量作为剩余曲率,实现成像道集的高精度自动化拾取.数值模型和实际资料测试验证了该技术的准确性及有效性.The input data of reflection wave velocity tomography is the subsurface reflection information,which usually includes the reflection point of seismic section and the residual movement of common imaging gathers(CIGs).In the process,the key step is to pick intensively and automatically.To be specific,firstly structure tensor method is introduced to filter seismic data along structural features,so as to enhance the feature of the seismic section and the CIGs,improving the recognition of the reflection information.After that,the reflection information can be extracted more easily.In addition,based on the wavelet geometric feature of the seismic data and the spatial continuity of the seismic events,wave peak(trough)discrimination criteria can be established to pick the reflection points automatically,based on which the accurate reflection position picking results can be obtained.Finally,according to the reflection point pickup of seismic section,linear inversion method is introduced to calculate vertical shifts on each offset of the CIGs,which is used as the residual movement of the CIGs.The accuracy and effectiveness of this technique are verified by synthetics and field data.

关 键 词：层析反演 地层反射信息 结构张量 剩余曲率 自动化拾取 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]