2016-2023年黑龙江省急性弛缓性麻痹病例和环境污水脊髓灰质炎病毒监测  

Monitoring poliovirus among acute flaccid paralysis cases and in environmental sewage during 2016-2023 in Heilongjiang province

作　　者：宋婧[1] 吕珀[1] 王晗[1] 所佳宁[1] 宋长江[1] 高士锐[1] Song Jing;Lv Po;Wang Han;Suo Jianing;Song Changjiang;Gao Shirui(Heilongjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin 150030,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省疾病预防控制中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2024年第4期409-414,共6页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：目的监测黑龙江省急性弛缓性麻痹(Acute flaccid paralysis,AFP)病例和环境污水脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)病毒(Poliovirus,PV),评价维持无脊灰状态。方法采集2016-2023年<15岁儿童AFP报告病例粪便标本和环境监测点生活污水标本,进行肠道病毒(Enterovirus,EV)包括PV和非脊灰肠道病毒(Non-polio enterovirus,NPEV)分离,对PV分离株进行血清型和型内鉴定。结果黑龙江省2016-2023年<15岁儿童AFP病例年均报告发病率为1.95/10万(613例)。在AFP病例中,EV、PV、NPEV分离率分别为3.10%(19例)、0.49%(3例)、2.61%(16例);在4株PV分离株中,Ⅲ型、Ⅰ+Ⅲ型PV各2株,均为疫苗相似株。在297份环境污水标本中,EV、PV、NPEV分离率分别为74.75%(222份)、43.43%(129份)、57.91%(172份);在313株PV分离株中,Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型PV分别为45株、6株、262株,其中1株为Ⅱ型VDPV(2016年7月),其他分离株为疫苗相似株。结论2016-2023年黑龙江省AFP病例和环境污水PV以脊灰疫苗相似株为主,未发现脊灰野病毒,黑龙江省继续维持无脊灰状态。Objective To monitor poliovirus among acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)cases and in environmental sewage and confirm polio-free status in Heilongjiang province.Methods We obtained stool samples from reported AFP cases<15 years old and sewage samples from environmental monitoring sites during 2016-2023.We isolated enteroviruses(EV),including polioviruses(PV)and non-polio enteroviruses(NPEV);determined PV serotypes;and conducted intratypic differentiation.Results The average annual reported incidence of AFP cases<15 years old was 1.95 per 100000 population(613 cases)during 2016-2023 in Heilongjiang.EVs,PVs,and NPEVs were isolated from 3.10%(19 cases),0.49%(3 cases),and 2.61%(16 cases)of AFP cases,respectively.Four PV isolates from AFP cases were vaccine-like strains:2 type III and 2 type I+III.EVs,PVs,and NPEVs were isolated from 74.75%(222 specimens),43.43%(129 specimens),and 57.91%(172 specimens)of 297 environmental sewage specimens;313 PV isolates from environmental sewage included 45,6,and 262 type I,type II,and type III strains,in which one strain was identified as a type II VDPV(in July 2016)and others were vaccine-like strains.Conclusion Most PV isolates were vaccine-like strains,and no wild poliovirus were found among AFP cases or in environmental sewage during 2016-2013 in Heilongjiang,indicating continuous maintenance of polio-free status.

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎 急性弛缓性麻痹 环境污水 脊髓灰质炎病毒 监测 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]