学龄前儿童体质量指数和视屏暴露与执行功能的关联  

Associations among body mass index,screen exposure,and executive function in preschool children

作　　者：周杨 李若瑜 查金红 吴峻 万宇辉[1,2] 黄永玲[1,3] ZHOU Yang;LI Ruoyu;ZHA Jinhong;WU Jun;WAN Yuhui;HUANG Yongling(Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Hefei(230032),Anhui Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院健康促进与行为科学系,合肥230032 [2]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系 [3]安徽省妇女儿童保健中心儿童保健科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第8期1111-1114,1119,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82273652);安徽省自然科学基金项目(2208085Y23)。

摘　　要：目的分析安徽省学龄前儿童体质量指数(BMI)、学习/游戏视屏暴露与执行功能的关联,为促进学龄前儿童执行功能发展提供依据。方法于2022年6月,采用分层整群抽样与方便抽样相结合的方法对安徽省芜湖市、六安市和阜阳市3534名学龄前儿童母亲进行问卷调查,采用执行功能行为评定问卷(BRIEF-P)调查学龄前儿童执行功能异常状况,使用二元Logistic回归分析儿童BMI、学习/游戏视屏暴露及其联合作用与执行功能异常的关联。结果学龄前儿童执行功能异常检出率为9.65%。Logistic回归模型分析显示,在调整母亲妊娠期高血压、主要照料人、家庭人均月收入和家庭结构等混杂因素后,超重肥胖组、高学习/游戏视屏暴露组儿童执行功能异常风险显著增加(超重肥胖:OR=1.78,95%CI=1.31~2.42;学习视屏暴露:OR=1.48,95%CI=1.18~1.86;游戏视屏暴露:OR=1.50,95%CI=1.18~1.91,P值均<0.05)。与BMI正常且低学习/游戏视屏暴露组相比,超重肥胖且高学习/游戏视屏暴露组发生执行功能异常风险显著增加(OR=2.07,95%CI=1.29~3.31;OR=2.42,95%CI=1.59~3.68,P值均<0.05)。结论超重肥胖和高学习/游戏视屏暴露是学龄前儿童执行功能异常症状的重要危险因素,应积极引导学龄前儿童养成良好的生活习惯以促进执行功能正常发展。Objective To analyze the associations among body mass index(BMI),learning screen/gaming screen exposure and executive function in preschool children in Anhui Province,so as to provide a basis for promoting the development of executive function in preschool children.Methods In June 2022,a stratified cluster sampling and convenience sampling methods were used to survey 3534 mothers of preschool children in Wuhu City,Lu'an City,and Fuyang City,Anhui Province.The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool Version(BRIEF-P)was used to assess the preschool children's executive function abnormalities.Binary Logistic regression was conducted to examine the relationships among BMI,learning screen/gaming screen exposure,and their combined effects on executive function abnormalities.Results The detection rate of abnormal executive function in preschool children was 9.65%.Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for the confounding factors such as pregnancyinduced hypertension,primary caregivers,family per capita monthly income and family structure,the risk of abnormal executive function of children in overweight/obesity group and high learning screen/gaming screen exposure group increased significantly(overweight/obesity:OR=1.78,95%CI=1.31-2.42,learning screen exposure:OR=1.48,95%CI=1.18-1.86,gaming screen exposure:OR=1.50,95%CI=1.18-1.91,P<0.05).Compared with children with normal BMI and low learning screen/gaming screen screen exposure,those with both overweight/obesity and high learning screen/gaming screen exposure had a significantly greater risk of executive function abnormalities(OR=2.07,95%CI=1.29-3.31;OR=2.42,95%CI=1.59-3.68,P<0.05).Conclusions Overweight/obesity and high learning screen/gaming screen exposure are important risk factors for executive function abnormalities in preschool children.Therefore,actively guiding preschool children to develop healthy life habits to promote the normal development of their executive functions is essential.

关 键 词：人体质量指数 注视 眼 执行功能 回归分析 儿童 学龄前 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] Q427[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R339.35[生物学—神经生物学] F764.6[生物学—生理学]