江苏籍大一新生2019—2022年结核病知识行为变化趋势及相关因素分析  

Trends and associated factors in tuberculosis knowledge and behavior among freshmen from Jiangsu Province,2019-2022

作　　者：杜国平 陈笑艳 吕玉梅 李小杉 谈冰心 李妍慧 叶雨秀 卫艺璇 张云骋 DU Guoping;CHEN Xiaoyan;LÜYumei;LI Xiaoshan;TAN Bingxin;LI Yanhui;YE Yuxiu;WEI Yixuan;ZHANG Yuncheng(General Practice,Southeast University Hospital,Nanjing(210018),Jiangsu Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]东南大学医院全科医学科,江苏南京210018 [2]镇江高等专科学校护理学院 [3]南京医科大学附属无锡人民医院肺移植中心 [4]南通大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第8期1120-1125,共6页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：江苏省教育科学“十四五”规划2021年度重点课题项目(T-a/2021/01);江苏省高等教育学会“十四五”高等教育科学研究规划一般课题项目(YB041)。

摘　　要：目的了解江苏籍大一新生2019—2022年结核病知识及行为变化趋势和相关因素,为高校结核病知识普及和大学结核病防治工作开展提供理论支持。方法2019—2022年连续4年采用分层随机抽样方法抽取江苏省20所高校的33944名大一新生,通过自制问卷在线调查结核病知识和行为情况。采用单因素方差趋势检验和多重线性回归分析知识、行为水平变化趋势,采用多重线性回归模型分析相关因素。结果江苏籍大一新生结核病知识总知晓率为90.6%,2019—2022年度的总知晓率分别为88.4%,90.4%,91.7%,91.8%;行为总正确率为92.3%,各年度的正确率分别为91.8%,92.3%,92.7%,92.4%,知识总知晓率和行为总正确率均逐年上升(F值分别为216.67,11.75,P值均<0.01)。多重线性回归分析显示,学校类型、民族、父母文化程度、母亲职业、家庭人均月收入、高中居住方式是个人知识知晓率和行为正确率(β=-0.047~0.035)的相关因素,地区、性别、家庭居住地、独生子女是个人行为正确率的相关因素(β=-0.003~0.032)(P值均<0.05)。结论江苏籍大一新生结核病知识及行为水平逐年升高,应针对其相关影响因素有针对性开展健康教育,持续提高其结核病防治素养。Objective To understand the trends and associated factors of tuberculosis knowledge and behavior among freshmen from Jiangsu Province,2019 to 2022,so as to provide theoretical support for the popularization of tuberculosis knowledge and the prevention and control of tuberculosis in universities.Methods From 2019 to 2022,a total of 33944 freshmen from 20 universities in Jiangsu Province were selected by stratified random sampling,and tuberculosis knowledge and behavior were surveyed online using a selfdesigned questionnaire.Oneway variance trend test and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the trend of knowledge and behavior levels,and a multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors.Results The overall awareness rate of tuberculosis among freshmen from Jiangsu Province was 90.6%,and the overall awareness rates from 2019 to 2022 were 88.4%,90.4%,91.7%,and 91.8%,respectively.The overall behavioral accuracy rate was 92.3%,with the annual rates from 2019 to 2022 being 91.8%,92.3%,92.7%,and 92.4%,respectively.Both the awareness rate and accuracy behavior rate increased annually(F=216.67,11.75,P<0.01).The multiple linear regression analysis showed that school type,ethnicity,father's educational level,mother's educational level,mother's occupation,family per capita monthly income,and living arrangement in high school affected both personal knowledge awareness rate and personal behavioral accuracy rate(β=-0.047-0.035,P<0.01),while region,gender,family residence,and being an only child only affected behavioral accuracy rate(β=-0.003-0.032,P<0.05).Conclusions The tuberculosis knowledge and behavior levels of freshmen from Jiangsu Province have been increasing by year.Targeted health education should be carried out based on the relevant influencing factors to further enhance the tuberculosis prevention and control literacy.

关 键 词：结核 知识 行为 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R825.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R193